Tuban Punya Toak

CCNA 2 FINAL V4.1

2011-10-26T08:42:00.001-07:00

1. A company is developing an Internet store for its website. Which protocol should be used to transfer credit card information from customers to the company web server?

FTPS
HTTP
** HTTPS
WEP2
TFTP

2. Refer to the exhibit. A new branch office has been added to the corporate network and a new router is to be installed to allow branch office users to access the database server at headquarters. How should the serial 0/0/0 interface of the new branch office router be configured to connect to the headquarters router?

branch_23(config-if)# ip address 192.168.5.19 255.255.255.240
branch_23(config-if)# no shutdown
branch_23(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc

branch_23(config-if)# ip address 192.168.5.25 255.255.255.240
branch_23(config-if)# no shutdown
branch_23(config-if)# encapsulation ppp

branch_23(config-if)# no shutdown
branch_23(config-if)# encapsulation ppp
branch_23(config-if)# ip address 192.168.5.33 255.255.255.240

**branch_23(config-if)# encapsulation ppp
branch_23(config-if)# ip address 192.168.5.21 255.255.255.240
branch_23(config-if)# no shutdown

3. Which two commands ensure that any password that permits access to the privileged EXEC mode is not shown in plain text when the configuration files are displayed? (Choose two.)

** Router(config)# enable secret cisco
Router(config)# enable cisco
Router(config)# encryption-password all
Router(config)# enable login encrypted
Router(config)# enable password encryption
** Router(config)# service password-encryption

4.A new network is to be configured on a router. Which of the following tasks must be completed to configure this interface and implement dynamic IP routing for the new network? (Choose three.)

** Select the routing protocol to be configured.
** Assign an IP address and subnet mask to the interface
Update the ip host configuration information with the device name and new interface IP address.
** Configure the routing protocol with the new network IP address.
Configure the routing protocol with the new interface IP address and subnet mask.
Configure the routing protocol in use on all other enterprise routers with the new network information.

5 How does TCP ensure the reliable transfer of data?

if data segments are not received from the source, the destination requests that the segments be resent.
If an acknowledgment of the transmitted segments is not received from the destination in a predetermined amount of the time, the source resends the data.
** TCP uses the SYN-ACK portion of the three-way handshake to ensure that all data has been received.
The TCP Protocol Interpreter process verifies the transmitted data at source and destination.

6 A network administrator is asked to design a system to allow simultaneous access to the Internet for 250 users. The ISP for this network can only supply five public IPs. What can be used to accomplish this task?

routable translation
dynamic translation
static translation
** port address translation

7What is the most commonly used exterior routing protocol?

** BGP
RIP
OSPF
EIGRP

8 Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator needs to configure the router with a name. Which command will the administrator use to configure the router name?

Router# ip hostname Boise
Router# enable hostname Boise
Router(config-line)# name Boise
** Router(config)# hostname Boise
Router(config)# ip hostname Boise

9Why are port numbers included in the TCP header of a segment?

to indicate the correct router interface that should be used to forward a segment
to identify which switch ports should receive or forward the segment
** to determine which Layer 3 protocol should be used to encapsulate the data
to enable a receiving host to forward the data to the appropriate application
to allow the receiving host to assemble the packet in the proper order

10What is the purpose of the routing process?

to encapsulate data that is used to communicate across a network
** to select the paths that are used to direct traffic to destination networks
to convert a URL name into an IP address
to provide secure Internet file transfer
to forward traffic on the basis of MAC addresses

11Which two statements are true about the use of the debug ip rip command on a Cisco router? (Choose two.)

** The debug ip rip command displays RIP routing activity in real time.
**The debug ip rip command can be issued at the user EXEC configuration mode.
The debug ip rip command displays a combination of the information that is displayed by the show ip route and show ip protocols commands.
Because of router processor usage, the debug ip rip command should be used only when necessary.
The debug ip rip command should be used instead of the show ip route command whenever possible.

12What minimum configurations must be set on a host to allow a request to be sent to http://www.cisco.com/? (Choose four.)

**DNS server
WINS server
**IP address
NetBIOS
** subnet mask
** default gateway

13A Catalyst 2960 switch has been taken out of storage to be used as a temporary replacement for another switch that needs to be repaired. About a minute after the switch has started, the SYST LED on the front of the switch transitions from blinking green to amber. What is the meaning of the amber SYST LED?

The switch has no configuration file in NVRAM.
** The switch has failed POST and must be sent for service.
The switch is functioning properly.
The switch is in half-duplex mode.

14Refer to the exhibit. Which combination of cables and symbols is correct?

A - crossover, B - straight-through, C - straight-through
A - crossover, B - rollover, C - straight-through
**A - straight-through, B -crossover, C - straight-through
A - straight-through, B -straight-through, C - straight-through
A - straight-through, B - straight-through, C - crossover
A - rollover, B - straight-through, C - straight-through

15After an unsuccessful ping to the local router, the technician decides to investigate the router. The technician observes that the lights and fan on the router are not operational. In which layer of the OSI model is the problem most likely occurring?

transport
network
data link
** physical

16What are three characteristics of the TCP protocol? (Choose three.)

exchanges datagrams unreliably
is used to send IP error messages
forces the retransmission of unacknowledged packets
** creates a virtual session between end-user applications
**carries the IP address of the destination host in the TCP header
is responsible for breaking messages into segments and reassembling them at their destination

17Refer to the exhibit. The network shown is connected using services from the same ISP. How will the Fohi router dynamically learn routes to the 192.168.16.16/28, 192.168.16.32/28, and 192.168.16.64/28 subnetworks?

with BGP
**with a static route
with a directly connected route
with an interior routing protocol

18Refer to the exhibit. Which type of UTP cable should be used to connect Host A to Switch1?

rollover
console
crossover
**straight-through

19When customers use credit cards to make purchases at a small business, a modem is heard dialing a telephone number to transfer the transaction data to the central office. What type of WAN serial connection is in use?

leased line
packet switched
** circuit switched
point-to-point

20 A user reports being unable to access the Internet. The help desk technician employs a bottom-up approach to troubleshooting. The technician first has the user check the patch cable connection from the PC to the wall, and then has the user verify that the NIC has a green link light. What will the technician have the user do next?

Enter an IP address into the WWW browser address bar to see if DNS is at fault.
Use traceroute to identify the device along the path to the ISP that may be at fault.
** Verify the IP address, subnet, and gateway settings using ipconfig on the PC .
Connect to the user home router to check firewall settings for blocked TCP ports.

21 A ping 192.1.1.20 command is issued on workstation A to determine if workstation B can be reached. What events will occur if this command is successful? (Choose two.)

The router will block the ping request message.
The router will reply to the echo request with a proxy ping response.
Workstation A will send a UDP ping request message to workstation B.
Workstation B will send a UDP ping reply message to workstation A.
** Workstation A will send an ICMP echo request message to workstation B.
** Workstation B will send an ICMP echo reply message to workstation A.

22How does a router know of paths to destination networks? (Choose two.)

**inspection of the destination IP address in data packets
ARP requests from connected routers
manual configuration of routes
** updates from other routers
DHCP information broadcasts
updates from the SMTP management information base

23Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements describe the data conversation shown? (Choose two.)

** The data conversation was started by the HTTP application process running on the client.
The data conversation is identified by TCP port 80 on the client.
The user started the data conversation by sending an e-mail.
The IP address of the Internet server is 192.168.17.43 .
**The Internet server will send data to port 8547 on the client.

24What is one purpose of the TCP three-way handshake?

sending echo requests from the source to the destination host to establish the presence of the destination
determining the IP address of the destination host in preparation for data transfer
requesting the destination to transfer a binary file to the source
**synchronizing sequence numbers between source and destination in preparation for data transfer

25Which type of address is 192.168.17.111/28?

host address
network address
**broadcast address
multicast address

26A customer reports connectivity problems to an ISP technician. Upon questioning the customer, the technician discovers that all network applications are functioning except for FTP. What should the technician suspect is the problem?

** misconfigured firewall
bad port on switch or hub
misconfigured IP addressing on the customer's workstation
wrong DNS server configured on the customer's workstation
wrong default gateway configured on the customer's workstation

27The show ip route command was executed on one of the routers shown in the graphic and the following output was displayed:
C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
R 192.168.5.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.4.2, 00:00:19, Serial0/0
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:20, Serial0/1
R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:20, Serial0/1
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1
From which router was this command executed?

A
B
C
D

28Refer to the exhibit. Which two sets of commands are required to configure passwords for all management ports on a Catalyst 2960 switch? (Choose two.)

ALSwitch(config)# interface vlan 1
ALSwitch(config-if)# password cisco
ALSwitch(config-if)# login

**ALSwitch(config)# line vty 0 4
ALSwitch(config-line)# password cisco
ALSwitch(config-line)# login

ALSwitch(config)# line vty 0 15
ALSwitch(config-line)# password cisco
ALSwitch(config-line)# login
ALSwitch(config)# enable secret class

ALSwitch(config)# enable password cisco
ALSwitch(config)# interface fa0/1
ALSwitch(config-if)# password cisco
ALSwitch(config-if)# no shutdown

**ALSwitch(config)# line cons 0
ALSwitch(config-line)# password cisco
ALSwitch(config-line)# login
29A user reports being able to access the Internet but not being able to download e-mail from the mail server at the ISP. What should the user check on the user workstation?

** the POP3 and SMTP server settings in the e-mail application
the patch cable connections at the back of the workstation and at the wall plate
the DHCP settings in the operating system
the IP address, mask, and default gateway values
the NIC drivers

30Refer to the graphic. Which command will configure a static route on Router A to direct traffic from LAN A that is destined for LAN C?

RouterA(config)# ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.5.2
RouterA(config)# ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2
**RouterA(config)# ip route 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2
RouterA(config)# ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1
RouterA(config)# ip route 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.0

31Which subnet masks could be used when subnetting a Class B IP address? (Choose two.)

255.255.255.240
** 255.255.192.0
** 255.255.0.0
255.192.0.0
240.0.0.0
255.0.0.0

32 Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has configured the RTA and RTB interfaces. In order to allow hosts that are attached to RTA to reach the server that is attached to RTB, a static route from RTA to the server LAN and a default route from RTB back to RTA need to be configured. Which two commands will the administrator use to accomplish these tasks on the two routers? (Choose two.)

**RTA(config)# ip route 10.16.10.5 255.255.255.252 10.16.10.6
RTA(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.16.10.6
RTA(config)# ip route 10.16.10.96 255.255.255.252 10.16.10.6
RTB(config)# ip route 10.16.10.6 255.255.255.248 10.16.10.6
**RTB(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/1
RTB(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.16.10.6

33How do port filtering and access lists help provide network security?

**They prevent specified types of traffic from reaching specified network destinations.
They alert network administrators to various type of denial of service attacks as they occur.
They prevent viruses, worms, and Trojans from infecting host computers and servers.
They enable encryption and authentication of confidential data communications.

34 Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator of the building in the graphic needs to choose the type of cable best suited to add ServerB to the network. Which cable type is the best choice?

STP
UTP
coaxial
**fiber optic

35What is used by a routing protocol to determine the best path to include in the routing table?

Convergence time
Default distance
** Metric
Type of router

36Refer to the exhibit. Which IP addresses could be assigned to the hosts in the diagram? (Choose two.)

192.168.65.31
192.168.65.32
** 192.168.65.35
** 192.168.65.60
192.168.65.63
192.168.65.64

37Given the network 192.168.25.0 shown in the graphic, which subnet mask would accommodate the number of hosts in each subnet?

255.255.0.0
255.255.224.0
255.255.255.0
** 255.255.255.224
255.255.255.240
255.255.255.248

38 Which two protocols allow network devices to report their status and events to a centralized network management device? (Choose two.)

** Syslog
Telnet
HTTP
HTTPS
** SNMP

39What is true regarding the differences between NAT and PAT?

PAT uses the word "overload" at the end of the access-list statement to share a single registered address.
Static NAT allows an unregistered address to map to multiple registered addresses.
Dynamic NAT allows hosts to receive the same global address each time external access is required.
**PAT uses unique source port numbers to distinguish between translations.

40Refer to the exhibit. The graphic shows the output of a command issued on router RTB. According to the output, what two statements are true of router RTB? (Choose two.)

**The router is connected to a router named Boise.
Router RTB is connected to a Cisco 1841 router.
Router RTB is directly connected to two other routers.
**The IP address of the router interface connected to router RTB is 192.168.2.6 .
The RTB router is connected to two Cisco devices by Fast Ethernet links.

41Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator uses the command below to configure a default route to the ISP network :
RTB(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.6
A ping issued from the ISP is successful to router RTB. However, ping echo request packets arrive at a host that is attached to the Fa0/0 interface of RTB, and the replies do not make it back to the ISP router. What will fix this problem?

The ISP must be configured to forward packets from the 192.168.1.0 network.
**The ip route command needs to be edited so that the next hop address is 10.1.1.5.
The ip route command needs to be edited so that the 192.168.1.1 address is the next hop address.
The ip route command should be removed from the RTB router configuration.

42 A network technician is using a network management station to gather data about the performance of devices and links within the ISP. Which application layer protocol makes this possible?

**SNMP
FTP
DHCP
SMTP

43What are two purposes of DNS? (Choose two.)

to dynamically assign IP addressing information to network hosts
to simplify the administration of host and default gateway addressing on client computers
to assign TCP port numbers to hosts as part of the data transfer process
**to resolve human-readable domain names to numeric IP addresses
**to replace the static HOSTS file with a more practical dynamic system

44A hacker attempts to reach confidential information that is stored on a server inside the corporate network. A network security solution inspects the entire packet, determines that it is a threat, and blocks the packet from entering the inside network. Which security measure protected the network?

an IDS
**an IPS
a host-based firewall
Anti-X software

45 How many host addresses may be assigned on each subnetwork when using the 130.68.0.0 network address with a subnet mask of 255.255.248.0?

30
256
**2046
2048
4094
4096

46In an IPv4 environment, what information is used by the router to forward data packets from one interface of a router to another?

**destination network address
source network address
source MAC address
well known port destination address

47 A small tire retailer requires a low-cost WAN connection to its headquarters in order to manage its inventory and process customer sales in real time. Which WAN connection type is best suited to its needs?

Sonet
T3
**dialup
DSL
leased line

48The command copy tftp running-config has been entered on the router. What will this command do?

copy the configuration in RAM to a server
**copy the configuration file from a server to RAM
copy the configuration file in NVRAM to RAM
copy the configuration file in NVRAM to a server
copy the configuration file from a server to NVRAM

49Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator needs to configure the Fa0/0 interface of RTB so that hosts from RTA can connect to the server that is attached to RTB. Which two commands will the administrator use to accomplish this task? (Choose two.)

RTB# ip address 192.168.102.98 255.255.255.248
RTB(config-if)# ip address 192.168.102.99 255.255.255.252
RTB(config)# ip address 192.168.102.97 255.255.255.252
RTB(config)# no shutdown
**RTB(config-if)# no shutdown
**RTB(config-if)# ip address 192.168.102.97 255.255.255.252

50.Refer to the exhibit. A NOC technician at an ISP enters the command shown. What are two reasons to use this command? (Choose two.)
to map the path to 192.168.1.7
**to test reachability to 192.168.1.7
to locate connectivity problems along the route to 192.168.1.7
to identify the ISPs that interconnect the NOC with the remote host with the address 192.168.1.7
**to measure the time that packets take to reach 192.168.1.7 and return to the technician's workstation

CCNA DISCOVERY 2 CHAPTER 9 V4.1

2011-10-26T08:41:00.000-07:00

1.How many usable host addresses does the 192.168.1.0/25 subnet provide?
254
128
127
126***
64
62

2
A network technician has isolated a problem at the transport layer of the OSI
model. Which question would provide further information about the problem?
Do you have a firewall that is configured on your PC?***
Do you have a link light on your network card?
Is your PC configured to obtain addressing information using DHCP?
What default gateway address is configured in your TCP/IP settings?
Can you ping http://www.cisco.com?

3
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is in the process of sending a
preconfigured text file to a router. When the administrator pastes the
configuration into the router, an error message appears. What is the problem with
the IP addressing scheme?
Serial0/0 is configured with a network address.
The IP address on FastEthernet0/0 overlaps with the IP on FastEthernet0/1.
Serial0/1 is configured with a broadcast address.
The IP address on FastEthernet0/0 overlaps with the IP on Serial0/1.***

4
A user can access any web page on the Internet but cannot access e-mail. What
troubleshooting method would be most efficient for troubleshooting this issue?
top-down***
bottom-up
divide-and-conquer
impossible to determine from this information

5
Refer to the exhibit. What are two possible causes for the interface status?
(Choose two.)
The loopback address is not set.
The encapsulation type is mismatched.***
A cable is not attached to the interface.
Keepalive messages are not being received.***
The interface is administratively shut down.

6
Refer to the exhibit. Host H1 on the LAN is not able to access the FTP server
across the Internet. Which two configuration statements are causing this problem?
(Choose two.)
There is no route to the Internet.
The IP address on Fa0/0 is incorrect.
The IP address on S0/0/0 is incorrect.
The NAT command on the Fa0/0 interface is applied in the wrong direction.***
The NAT command on the S0/0/0 interface is applied in the wrong direction.***

7
Which two conditions identify issues that are confined to Layer 1? (Choose two.)
cables that exceed maximum length***
encapsulation errors
viruses and worms that create excessive broadcast traffic
poor termination of cables***
receiving "line protocol down" messages on the router console

8
A network administrator is upgrading a Cisco 1841 router by adding a WIC-2T module
card. Which show command can the administrator use to verify that the module is
correctly recognized by the router?
show flash:
show version***
show ip route
show startup-configuration

9
Hosts on two separate subnets cannot communicate. The network administrator
suspects a missing route in one of the routing tables. Which three commands can be
used to help troubleshoot Layer 3 connectivity issues? (Choose three.)
ping***
show arp
traceroute***
show ip route***
show controllers
show cdp neighbor

10
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement is true regarding the IP address
configuration?
Interfaces Fa0/0 and Fa0/1 can be in the same subnet.
Interface Fa0/0 and NetworkA can be in the same subnet.
Interface Fa0/0 and NetworkB can be in the same subnet.***
Interface Fa0/1 and NetworkB can be in the same subnet.

11
A network administrator plugs a new PC into a switch port. The LED for that port
changes to solid green. What statement best describes the current status of the
port?
There is a duplex mismatch error.
There is a link fault error. This port is unable to forward frames.
The port is operational and ready to transmit packets.***
This port has been disabled by management and is unable to forward frames.
The flash memory is busy.

12
Refer to the exhibit. Which three statements are true about the output of the show
ip interface brief command? (Choose three.)
FastEthernet0/0 is functioning correctly.***
The shutdown command has been applied on Serial0/0.***
FastEthernet0/0 was configured by the startup-config at bootup.
Serial0/0 is experiencing a Layer 1 network problem.
FastEthernet0/1 is experiencing a Layer 2 network problem.***
Because the port is down, Serial0/1 has an IP address that does not show in
the output.

13
Refer to the exhibit. Users on the 10.12.10.0/24 network are unable to access
anyone on the 10.10.10.0/24 network. What two problems exist in the network?
(Choose two.)
R2 is using a different version of RIP.***
R2 has a missing network statement.***
R1 has an incorrect network statement.
R3 has an incorrect network statement.
A routing loop is occurring between all three routers.

14
Refer to the exhibit. The PC is trying to ping router B at 192.168.2.2, but it
fails. What is the problem?
The PC is on the wrong subnet.
The default gateway on the PC should be 192.168.1.1.***
The default gateway should be 192.168.2.2.
The DNS server is incorrect.
The IP address for Fa0/0 on router A is incorrect.

15
An administrator is creating a lab to simulate a WAN connection. During the setup,
the administrator notices that there are different encapsulation types on each end
of the serial connection. At what layer of the OSI model is this problem
occurring?
Layer 2***
Layer 4
Layer 5
Layer 6

16
Refer to the exhibit. A router initially boots up to ROMMON mode. The
administrator enters the dir flash: command and sees the output that is shown.
What should the administrator do next?
Load a new IOS onto the router by the use of TFTP.
Load a new IOS onto the router via XMODEM.
Boot the router using the reset command in ROMMON.***
Erase the file in flash and reboot the router.

17
A PC is able to reach devices that are located both inside and outside the
network. However, when trying to reach an FTP server that is located on the same
subnet, the PC fails to make a connection. The administrator has several other PCs
that are located in the same subnet try a connection to the FTP server and they
are successful. Which troubleshooting tool can be used to determine the problem
between the PC and the FTP server?
cable tester
digital multimeter
protocol analyzer***
network analyzer

18
Refer to the exhibit. Which IP address is misconfigured and is causing
connectivity problems between hosts and servers?
HostA
HostB
Server1
Server2***
R1 Fa0/0
R1 Fa0/1

19
Which problem is associated with Layer 4 of the OSI model?
A firewall is blocking Telnet packets to a host.***
A host has an incorrect IP address.
A router has no route to a host.
A host sent a malformed HTTP request.

20
A user is having trouble accessing the Internet. A network administrator begins by
verifying that the IP address of the PC is correctly configured. Next the
administrator pings the default gateway. Based on this information, what type of
troubleshooting method is the administrator employing?
top-down
bottom-up
divide-and-conquer***
impossible to determine from this information

CCNA DISCOVERY 2 CHAPTER 7 V4.1

2011-10-26T08:39:00.000-07:00

1. Which two statements are true about the OSI and TCP/IP models? (Choose two.)
The two bottom layers of the TCP/IP model make up the bottom layer of the OSI model.
The TCP/IP model is a theoretical model and the OSI model is based on actual protocols.
• The OSI network layer is comparable to the Internet layer of the TCP/IP model.
The TCP/IP model specifies protocols for the physical network interconnection.
• The TCP/IP model is based on four layers and the OSI model is based on seven layers.

2. To meet customer expectations, an ISP must guarantee a level of service that is based on what two factors? (Choose two.)
accessibility
adaptability
• availability
• reliability
scalability

3. User1 is sending an e-mail to User2@cisco.com. What are two characteristics of the process of sending this data? (Choose two.)
• It utilizes TCP port 110.
A TCP connection is established directly between the User1 and User2 client computers in order to send the e-mail message.
• It utilizes a store and forward process.
The same application layer protocol is used to send the e-mail and retrieve it from the destination server.
SMTP is used to send the e-mail message to the mail servers.

4. Refer to the exhibit. Host1 is in the process of setting up a TCP session with Host2. Host1 has sent a SYN message to begin session establishment. What happens next?
Host1 sends an ACK message to Host2.
Host1 sends a SYN message to Host2.
Host1 sends a SYN-ACK message to Host2.
Host2 sends an ACK message to Host1.
Host2 sends a SYN message to Host1.
• Host2 sends a SYN-ACK message to Host1.

5. What are three characteristics of network reliability? (Choose three.)
• Redundant hardware provides enhanced reliability.
Reliability is measured as a percent.
Reliability is the responsibility of the ISP customers.
• Fault tolerance is a measure of reliability.
• The longer the MTBF, the greater the reliability.

6. Which two statements describe the FTP protocol? (Choose two.)
It uses well-known port 23.
The protocol interpreter is responsible for the data transfer function.
• In passive data connections, the FTP client initiates the transfer of data.
• It requires two connections between client and server.
FTP servers open a well-known port on the client machine.

7. What is the function of the TCP three-way handshake?
• It enables the synchronization of port numbers between source and destination hosts.
It immediately triggers the retransmission of lost data.
• It synchronizes both ends of a connection by allowing both sides to agree upon initial sequence numbers.
It identifies the destination application on the receiving host.

8. What are three characteristics of HTTPS? (Choose three.)
It uses a different client request-server response process than HTTP uses.
It specifies additional rules for passing data between the application and data link layers.
• It supports authentication.
It allows more simultaneous connections than HTTP allows.
• It encrypts packets with SSL.
• It requires additional server processing time.

9. Which DNS zone resolves an IP address to a qualified domain name?
dynamic lookup
forward lookup
resolution lookup
• reverse lookup

10.

CCNA 2 Chapter 7 V4.1

What type of update allows client computers to register and update their resource records with a DNS server whenever changes occur?
• dynamic
zone transfer
local recursive query
root domain query
top-level domain query

11. Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true about this file? (Choose two.)
If the gateway address changes, the file will be updated dynamically.
• The command ping fileserv will use IP address 172.16.5.10.
• If the ping http://www.cisco.com command is issued, the file will be checked for the Cisco web server IP address before DNS is queried.
The file must be created by the user if it is to be used by a workstation.
Name to IP address mappings are added to the file after they are received from DNS.

12. Which two tasks are the responsibility of the local DNS server? (Choose two.)
maintaining a large number of cached DNS entries
maintaining the ISP server
• mapping name-to-IP addresses for internal hosts
• forwarding name resolution requests to a caching-only server
forwarding all name resolution requests to root servers on the Internet

13. What are three unique characteristics of UDP? (Choose three.)
connection oriented
full-duplex operation
• low overhead
• no flow control
• no error-recovery function
reliable transmission

14. A manufacturing company is looking into subscribing to services from a new ISP. The company requires hosted world wide web, file transfer, and e-mail services. Which three protocols represent the key application services that are required by the company? (Choose three.)
• FTP
• HTTP
ICMP
PPP
Telnet
• SMTP

15. Which two options correctly match protocol and well-known port number? (Choose two.)
DNS - 25
FTP - 110
• HTTP - 80
POP3 - 25
• SMTP - 25

16. Within TCP, what combination makes up a socket pair?
source port with destination port
source IP address with destination port
source IP address and destination IP address
• source IP address and port with a destination IP address and port

17. Which protocol is used to send e-mail, either from a client to a server or from a server to another server?
SNMP
FTP
• SMTP
HTTPS

18. Refer to the exhibit. The PC is requesting HTTP data from the server. What is a valid representation of source and destination sockets for this request?
Source - 192.168.1.17:80 ; Destination - 192.168.2.39:80
Source - 192.168.1.17:80 ; Destination - 192.168.2.39:1045
• Source - 192.168.1.17:1045 ; Destination - 192.168.2.39:80
Source - 192.168.1.17:1045 ; Destination - 192.168.2.39:1061

19. What type of DNS server is typically maintained by an ISP?
• caching-only
root
second-level
top-level

20. A client is communicating with a server on a different segment of the network. How does the server determine what service is being requested by the client?
The server will apply the default service configured in directory services.
The server will use ARP to discover the appropriate service from the local router.
The server will send a request to the client asking for the appropriate service.
• The server will determine the appropriate service from the destination port field.

21.

CCNA 2 Chapter 7 V4.1

When a host is communicating with multiple applications on the same server at the same time, which of the following will have the same value for each session? (Choose two.)
• IP address
• MAC address
session number
sequence number

22. Which three fields do a TCP header and UDP header have in common? (Choose three.)
• checksum
• destination port
• source port

CCNA DISCOVERY 2 CHAPTER 6 V4.1

2011-10-26T08:37:00.001-07:00

1. Which command is used to view the RIP routing protocol settings and configuration?

show version
show ip route
show interface
**show ip protocols

2. Refer to the exhibit. What is the maximum number of RIP routers that could separate HostA and HostB and still leave the hosts with connectivity to each other?

14
15
**16
17

3. In which situation would a company register for its own autonomous system number (ASN)?

when the company's ISP adds connection points to the Internet
when additional routers are added to the corporate internetwork
when more than one interior routing protocol is used
**when the company uses two or more ISPs

4. Consider this routing table entry

R 172.16.1.0/24 [120/1] via 200.1.1.1 00:00:27 Serial0/1

What type of route is this?

a static route
a default route
**a RIP route
an OSPF route
an EIGRP route
a directly-connected route

5. What is the difference between interior and exterior routing protocols?

Exterior routing protocols are only used by large ISPs. Interior routing protocols are used by small ISPs.
Interior routing protocols are used to route on the Internet. Exterior routing protocols are used inside organizations.
Exterior routing protocols are used to administer a single autonomous system. Interior routing protocols are used to administer several domains.
**Interior routing protocols are used to communicate within a single autonomous system. Exterior routing protocols are used to communicate between multiple autonomous systems.

6. What information is included in RIPv2 routing updates that is not included in RIPv1 updates?

metric
**subnet mask
area identification
hop count
autonomous system number

7. Which routing protocol is used to exchange data between two different ISPs?

**BGP
EIGRP
OSPF
RIP v2

8. Refer to the exhibit. Which configuration command or commands contributed to the output that is shown?

routerA(config-router)# no version 2
routerA(config)# interface fa0/0
routerA(config-if)# ip address 172.19.0.0 255.255.0.0
**routerA(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0
routerA(config)# no ip default-gateway

9. Refer to the exhibit. If all routers are running RIP and network 10.0.0.0 goes down, when will R3 learn that the network is no longer available?

in 30 seconds
in 60 seconds
in 90 seconds
**Immediately

10. What statement is true regarding an AS number?

AS numbers are controlled and registered for Internet use.
Interior routing protocols require registered AS numbers.
ISPs require all customers to have registered AS numbers.
All routers at an ISP must be assigned the same AS number.

11. What is the purpose of the network command used when configuring RIP?

to specify whether RIPv1 or RIPv2 will be used as the routing protocol
to allow the router to monitor RIP updates that occur on other routers
**to identify which networks on the router will send and receive RIP updates
to configure the IP address on an interface that will use RIP
to identify all of the remote networks that should be reachable from the router

12. Which command would a network administrator use to determine if the routers in an enterprise have learned about a newly added network?

router# show ip address
router# show ip route
**router# show ip networks
router# show ip interface brief
router# debug ip protocol
router# debug rip update

13. What is the purpose of a routing protocol?

It is used to build and maintain ARP tables.
It provides a method for segmenting and reassembling data packets.
It allows an administrator to devise an addressing scheme for the network.
**It allows a router to share information about known networks with other routers.
It provides a procedure for encoding and decoding data into bits for packet forwarding.

14. What device enables an ISP to connect with other ISPs to transfer data?

**border gateway router
DSLAM
web server
interior router

15. Which command will display RIP routing updates as they are sent and received?

show ip route
show ip rip
debug ip rip
show ip protocols
**show ip rip database

16. Which part of an IP packet does the router use to make routing decisions?

source IP address
source MAC address
**destination IP address
destination MAC address

17. What two types of businesses would benefit from registering as their own autonomous systems? (Choose two.)

a home business with one ISP connection
**a global business with connections to multiple local ISPs
**a medium-sized nationwide business with Internet connectivity through different ISPs
a large enterprise with two connections to the same ISP
a small ISP with a single Internet connection through a larger ISP

18. Which command will display RIP activity as it occurs on a router?

debug ip rip
show ip route
show ip interface
show ip protocols
debug ip rip config
**show ip rip database

19. Why is fast convergence desirable in networks that use dynamic routing protocols?

**Routers will not allow packets to be forwarded until the network has converged.
Hosts are unable to access their gateway until the network has converged.
Routers may make incorrect forwarding decisions until the network has converged.
Routers will not allow configuration changes to be made until the network has converged.

20. Which two statements describe static routes? (Choose two.)

They are created in interface configuration mode.
**They require manual reconfiguration to accommodate network changes.
They automatically become the default gateway of the router.
**They are identified in the routing table with the prefix S
They are automatically updated whenever an interface is reconfigured or shutdown.

21. Which two statements or sets of statements describe differences between link-state and distance vector routing protocols? (Choose two.)

Link-state routing protocols routinely use more bandwidth for updates than do distance vector routing protocols.
Distance vector routing protocols update all routers at one time. Link-state routing protocols update one router at a time.
**Link-state routers only know about directly connected routers. Distance vector routers know about every router in the network.
**Link-state routing protocols update when a change is made. A network using distance vector routing protocols only updates at a specific interval.
Distance vector routing protocols have limited information about the entire network. Link state routing protocols know about all routers in the network.
In case of similar topologies, networks using link-state routing protocols typically converge more rapidly than do networks using distance vector routing protocols.

22. Which protocol is an exterior routing protocol?

**BGP
EIGRP
OSPF
RIP

23. Hosts on two separate subnets cannot communicate. The network administrator suspects a missing route in one of the routing tables. Which three commands can be used to help troubleshoot Layer 3 connectivity issues? (Choose three.)

**Ping
show arp
**Traceroute
**show ip route
show interface
show cdp neighbor detail

24. What term refers to a group of networks that uses the same internal routing policies and is controlled by a single administrative authority?

Internet
intranet
virtual private network
**autonomous system

CCNA DISCOVERY 2 CHAPTER 8 V4.1

2011-10-26T08:35:00.000-07:00

1. Which AAA service reduces IT operating costs by providing detailed reporting and monitoring of network user behavior, and also by keeping a record of every access connection and device configuration change across the network?

authentication
accreditation
**accounting
authorization

2. Which three items are normally included when a log message is generated by a syslog client and forwarded to a syslog server? (Choose three.)

**date and time of message
**ID of sending device
length of message
**message ID
checksum field
community ID

3. What is the advantage of using WPA to secure a wireless network?

It uses a 128-bit pre-shared hexadecimal key to prevent unauthorized wireless access.
**It uses an advanced encryption key that is never transmitted between host and access point.
It is supported on older wireless hardware, thus providing maximum compatibility with enterprise equipment.
It requires the MAC address of a network device that is requesting wireless access to be on a list of approved MAC addresses.

4. A company wants to configure a firewall to monitor all channels of communication and allow only traffic that is part of a known connection. Which firewall configuration should be deployed?

packet filtering
proxy
**stateful packet inspection
stateless packet inspection

5. A server log includes this entry: User student accessed host server ABC using Telnet yesterday for 10 minutes. What type of log entry is this?

authentication
authorization
**accounting
accessing

6. What two measures help to verify that server backups have been reliably completed? (Choose two.)

**reviewing backup logs
**performing trial backups
performing full backups only
replacing tape backup with hard disk-based backup
using an autoloader when backups require more than one tape

7. Which means of communication does an SNMP network agent use to provide a network management station with important but unsolicited information?

query
broadcast
ICMP ping
**trap
poll

8. Which three protocols are used for in-band management? (Choose three.)

FTP
**HTTP
**SNMP
**Telnet
TFTP
DHCP

9. A hacker has gained access to sensitive network files. In analyzing the attack, it is found that the hacker gained access over a wireless segment of the network. It is further discovered that the only security measure in place on the wireless network is MAC Address Filtering. How is it likely that the hacker gained access to the network?

The hacker used a software tool to crack the shared hexadecimal wireless key.
**The hacker obtained the MAC address of a permitted host, and cloned it on his wireless laptop NIC.
The attacker mounted a denial of service attack to overwhelm the firewall before penetrating the wireless LAN.
The hacker gained wireless access to the MAC address database and added his own MAC address to the list of permitted addresses.

10. A network administrator is assigning network permissions to new groups of users and employing the principle of least privilege. Which two actions should the administrator take? (Choose two.)

**Provide users with only the access to resources required to do their jobs.
**Provide the minimum level of permissions required for users to do their jobs.
Remove all permissions from the users and grant permissions as they are requested.
Allow users to decide how much permission they need to accomplish their job tasks.
Provide full access to the users and gradually remove privileges over time.

11. Which three protocols describe methods that can be used to secure user data for transmission across the internet? (Choose three.)

SMTP
**IPSEC
**SSL
**HTTPS
FTP
TFTP

12. Which benefit does SSH offer over Telnet when remotely managing a router?

**encryption
TCP usage
authorization
connection using six VTY lines

13. Which of the following does SNMP use to hold information collected about the network?

network management station
network management database
**management information base
database information agent

14. What are two potential problems with using tape media to back up server data? (Choose two.)

Tape is not a cost-effective means of backing up data.
Data tapes are difficult to store offsite.
**Data tapes are prone to failure and must be replaced often.
**Tape drives require regular cleaning to maintain reliability.
Backup logs are not available with tape backup solutions.

15. What is the term for the public network between the boundary router and the firewall?

"clean" LAN
intranet
**DMZ
extranet

16. Which two characteristics of network traffic are being monitored if a network technician configures the company firewall to operate as a packet filter? (Choose two.)

applications
physical addresses
packet size
**ports
**protocols

17. When is the use of out-of-band network management necessary?

when a server needs to be monitored across the network
**when the management interface of a device is not reachable across the network
when enhanced monitoring features are required to gain an overall view of the entire network
when it is desirable to use the information that is provided by SNMP

18. What network layer security protocol can secure any application layer protocol used for communication?

HTTPS
IMAP
FTPS
**IPSEC
TLS

19. Before a technician upgrades a server, it is necessary to back up all data. Which type of backup is necessary to ensure that all data is backed up?

daily
differential
**full
incremental
partial

20. What AAA component assigns varying levels of rights to users of network resources?

auditing
accounting
**authorization
access control
authentication
acknowledgement

CCNA DISCOVERY 2 CHAPTER 5 V4.1

2011-10-24T08:27:00.000-07:00

1. In what two ways does SDM differ from the IOS CLI? (Choose two.)

**SDM is used for in-band management only. The IOS CLI can be used for in-band and out-of-band management.
SDM is accessed through a Telnet application. The IOS CLI is accessed through a web browser.
SDM is available for all router platforms. The IOS CLI is available for a limited number of Cisco devices.
**SDM utilizes GUI buttons and text boxes. The IOS CLI requires the use of text-based commands.
SDM is used for advanced configuration tasks. The IOS CLI is preferred for initial basic device configuration.

2. Which mode will a configured router display at login?

global configuration mode
setup mode
ROM monitor mode
**user EXEC mode

3. Refer to the exhibit. Which password or passwords will be encrypted as a result of the configuration that is shown?

virtual terminal only
enable mode only
console and virtual terminal only
enable mode and virtual terminal
only the service password
**all configured passwords

4. Refer to the exhibit. Which three sets of commands are required to enable administrators to connect to the Switch1 console over Telnet for configuration and management? (Choose three.)

**Switch1(config)# interface fa0/1
Switch1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.2.64 255.255.255.192
**Switch1(config)# interface fa0/1
Switch1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.2.66 255.255.255.192
**Switch1(config)# interface vlan 1
Switch1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.2.126 255.255.255.192
Switch1(config-if)# no shutdown
Switch1(config)# line vty 0 4
Switch1(config-line)# enable password cisco
Switch1(config-line)# login
Switch1(config)# line vty 0 15
Switch1(config-line)# password cisco
Switch1(config-line)# login
Switch1(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.2.65

5. How does the SYST LED on the catalyst 2960 switch indicate a POST failure?

blinks rapidly amber
blinks rapidly green
**steady amber
steady green

6. Refer to the exhibit. A company always uses the last valid IP address in a subnetwork as the IP address of the router LAN interface. A network administrator is using a laptop to configure switch X with a default gateway. Assuming that the switch IP address is 192.168.5.147/24, what command will the administrator use to assign a default gateway to the switch?

**X(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.5.254
X(config)# ip gateway 192.168.5.1
X(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.5.1
X(config)# ip default-route 192.168.5.1
X(config)# ip route 192.168.5.254 255.255.255.0 fastethernet 0/0

7. A technician has made changes to the configuration of a router. What command will allow the technician to view the current configuration before he saves the changes?

**router# show running-config
router# show startup-config
router# show flash
router# show version

8. Passwords can be used to restrict access to all or parts of the Cisco IOS. Select the modes and interfaces that can be protected with passwords. (Choose three.)

**VTY interface
**console interface
Ethernet interface
secret EXEC mode
**privileged EXEC mode
router configuration mode

9. To save time, IOS commands may be partially entered and then completed by typing which key or key combination?

**Tab
Ctrl-P
Ctrl-N
Up Arrow
Right Arrow
Down Arrow

10. What is the correct command sequence to configure a router host name to 'LAB_A'?

**Router> enable
Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# hostname LAB_A
Router> enable
Router# hostname LAB_A
Router> enable
Router# configure router
Router(config)# hostname LAB_A
Router> enable
Router(config)# host name LAB_A

11. Refer to the exhibit. From the router console, an administrator is unable to ping a Catalyst switch that is located in another building. What can the administrator do from her location to check the IP configuration of the attached switch?

Open an SDM session with the switch from her desktop.
Telnet to the switch from the router console.
**Use the show cdp neighbors detail command from the router console.
The administrator must go to the switch location and make a console connection to check these settings.

12. Which two options must be selected in SDM Express to enable a router serial interface to obtain an IP address automatically? (Choose two.)

**Easy IP (IP negotiated)
IP unnumbered
No IP address
HDLC encapsulation
Frame Relay encapsulation
**PPP encapsulation

13. What three settings can be made in the SDM Express basic configuration screen? (Choose three.)

**host name
DHCP options
**domain name
interface IP addresses
**enable secret password
DNS server IP addresses

14. Which tasks can be accomplished by using the command history feature? (Choose two.)

View a list of commands entered in a previous session.
Recall up to 15 command lines by default.
**Set the command history buffer size.
**Recall previously entered commands.
Save command lines in a log file for future reference.

15. What option within Cisco SDM Express must be configured to allow hosts that receive IP address settings from the router to resolve names on the network or Internet?

**host name
domain name
DHCP address pool
**DNS server IP address

16. Which three encapsulation types can be set on a serial interface by an administrator who is using SDM Express? (Choose three.)

ATM
CHAP
**Frame Relay
**HDLC
PAP
**PPP

17. Which command will display routing table information about all known networks and subnetworks?

Router# show ip interfaces
Router# show ip connections
**Router# show ip route
Router# show ip networks

18. A network administrator needs to configure a router. Which of the following connection methods requires network functionality to be accessible?

console
AUX
**Telnet
modem

19. Which three pieces of information about a neighbor device can be obtained by the show cdp neighbors command? (Choose three.)

**platform
routing protocol
**connected interface of neighbor device
**device ID
IP addresses of all interfaces
enable mode password

20. Which function is a unique responsibility of the DCE devices shown in the exhibit?

transmission of data
reception of data
**clocking for the synchronous link
noise cancellation in transmitted data

21. Which of the following are functions of NVRAM? (Choose two.)

stores the routing table
**retains contents when power is removed
**stores the startup configuration file
contains the running configuration file
stores the ARP table

22. Refer to the exhibit. Which series of commands will enable users who are attached to Router1 to access the remote server?

Router1(config)# interface S0/0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address 64.100.0.129 255.255.255.252
Router1(config-if)# clock rate 64000
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config)# interface S0/0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address 64.100.0.125 255.255.255.252
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config)# interface S0/0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address 64.100.0.125 255.255.255.252
Router1(config-if)# clock rate 64000
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
**Router1(config)# interface S0/0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address 64.100.0.129 255.255.255.252
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown

23. A network technician is attempting to add an older workstation to a Cisco switched LAN. The technician has manually configured the workstation to full-duplex mode in order to enhance the network performance of the workstation. However, when the device is attached to the network, performance degrades and excess collision are detected. What is the cause of this problem?

The host is configured in a different subnet from the subnet of the switch.
**There is a duplex mismatch between the workstation and switch port.
The switch port is running at a different speed from the speed of the workstation NIC.
The host has been configured with a default gateway that is different from that of the switch.

24. Which of the following statements are true regarding the user EXEC mode? (Choose two.)

All router commands are available.
**Global configuration mode can be accessed by entering the enable command.
A password can be entered to allow access to other modes.
Interfaces and routing protocols can be configured.
**Only some aspects of the router configuration can be viewed.

25. Which command turns on a router interface?

Router(config-if)# enable
Router(config-if)# no down
Router(config-if)# s0 active
Router(config-if)# interface up
**Router(config-if)# no shutdown

CCNA DISCOVERY 2 CHAPTER 4 V4.1

2011-10-24T08:25:00.000-07:00

1. In an 8 bit binary number, what is the total number of combinations of the eight bits?

128
254
255
**256
512
1024

2. Convert the decimal number 231 into its binary equivalent. Select the correct answer from the list below.

11110010
11011011
11110110
**11100111
11100101
11101110

3. How many usable hosts are available given a Class C IP address with the default subnet mask?

**254
255
256
510
511
512

4. Which statement describes NAT overload or PAT?

Each internal address is dynamically translated to an individual external IP address.
A single internal address is always translated to the same unique external IP address.
**Many internal addresses can be translated to a single IP address using different port assignments.
Many internal addresses are statically assigned a single IP address and port to use for communications.

5. Which IPv4 class of addresses provides the most networks?

Class A
Class B
**Class C
Class D
Class E

6. Which statement accurately describes public IP addresses?

Public addresses cannot be used within a private network.
**Public IP addresses must be unique across the entire Internet.
Public addresses can be duplicated only within a local network.
Public IP addresses are only required to be unique within the local network.
Network administrators are free to select any public addresses to use for network devices that access the Internet.

7. Which two statements describe classful IP addresses? (Choose two.)

It is possible to determine which class an address belongs to by reading the first bit.
**The number of bits used to identify the hosts is fixed by the class of the network.
Only Class A addresses can be represented by high-order bits 100.
Up to 24 bits can make up the host portion of a Class C address.
**Up to 24 bits can be used to identify unique networks.
Three of the five classes of addresses are reserved for multicasts and experimental use.

8. Company XYZ uses a network address of 192.168.4.0. It uses the mask of 255.255.255.224 to create subnets. What is the maximum number of usable hosts in each subnet?

6
14
**30
62

9. hat is the network broadcast address for a Class C address of 192.168.32.0 with the default subnet mask?

192.168.0.0
192.168.0.255
192.168.32.0
192.168.32.254
**192.168.32.255

10. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is connected to the LAN, but it cannot get access to any resources on the Internet. The configuration of the host is shown in the exhibit. What could be the cause of the problem?

The host subnet mask is incorrect.
The default gateway is a network address.
The default gateway is a broadcast address.
**The default gateway is on a different subnet from the host.

11. IPv6 increases the IP address size from 32 bits to how many bits?

64
96
**128
192
256
512

12. What is the range of the first octet in a Class B address?

127 to 191
127 to 192
**128 to 191
128 to 192

13. Which IPv4 class provides the highest number of host addresses per network?

**Class A
Class B
Class C
Class D
Class E

14. refer to the exhibit. Which range of IP addresses would allow hosts that are connected to the Router1 Fa0/0 interface to access outside networks?

192.168.1.0 through 192.168.1.95
**192.168.1.66 through 192.168.1.94
192.168.1.66 through 192.168.1.96
192.168.1.0 through 192.168.1.127
192.168.1.66 through 192.168.1.128

15 Which option shows the proper notation for an IPv6 address?

2001,0db8,3c55,0015,abcd,ff13
2001-0db8-3c55-0015-abcd-ff13
2001.0db8.3c55.0015.abcd.ff13
**2001:0db8:3c55:0015::abcd:ff13

16. What are two reasons that NAT was developed? (Choose two.)

to preserve registered public IP addresses
to allow users on the public Internet to access local networks
**to provide a method for privately addressed LANs to participate in the Internet
to make routing protocols operate more efficiently
**to allow private addresses to be routed on the public Internet
to reduce overhead and CPU usage on gateway routers

17. What must happen for a privately addressed host on an inside local network to be able to communicate with an outside destination host on the Internet?

The host IP address must be translated to an outside private address.
The host IP address must be translated to an inside local address.
The host IP address must be translated to an outside local address.
**The host IP address must be translated to an inside global address.

18. Which port numbers are used by PAT to create unique global addresses?

255 and below
1024 and below
**1025 and above
64,000 and above

19. Static NAT works by mapping a specific inside local IP address to what other specific address type?

**inside global
outside local
outside global
private IP address

20. What are three advantages of NAT implementations? (Choose three.)

**improved security
improved router performance
decreased processor load
**improved scalability
universal application compatibility
**sharing few public IP addresses with many hosts

CCNA DISCOVERY 2 CHAPTER 3 V4.1

2011-10-24T08:23:00.000-07:00

1. Which two benefits can be gained by locating network equipment in a telecommunications closet, rather than in a user area? (Choose two.)

faster communication speeds
**improved physical security
more resistant to hacker attempts
**centralized cable management
less electrical usage

2. Which three issues should be noted on the technician's site survey report? (Choose three.)

**unlabeled cables
only two power outlets per wall in each room
**poor physical security of network devices
horizontal cabling runs under 100 meters
**lack of UPS for critical devices
two users sharing the same computer

3. Which two types of cable are used for initial router configuration? (Choose two.)

serial cable
**rollover cable
straight-through cable
crossover cable
patch cable
**console cable

4. In addition to the inventory sheet, what other information about the hosts and networking equipment should be documented by the on-site technician while performing the site survey?

any obsolete office equipment being stored
all product keys for site license software
**any planned growth anticipated in the near future
the memory requirements for installed application software

5. Refer to the exhibit. What type of device is used to connect two networks?

hub
**router
switch
access point

6. It is said that the goal for availability of a communications system is "five-9s". What is meant by this?

A down time of .00001% is unacceptable.
**A network needs to be available 99.999% of the time.
Five percent of all network expense covers 99% of user requirements.
The most critical time for network availability is from 9:00 to 5:00 p.m. five days a week.
The best time to do maintenance on a network is from 5:00 p.m. to 9:00 a.m. five days a week.

7. What three things are included in a logical topology document? (Choose three.)

the location of cables, computers, and other peripherals
**the path that the data takes through a network
the wireless signal coverage area
the wiring closet and access point locations
**the device names and Layer 3 addressing information
**the location of routing, network address translation, and firewall filtering

8. Which device has the ability to break up broadcast and collision domains?

repeater
hub
**router
switch

9. Why is it important to review the results of an on-site survey report with the customer before beginning the network design?

to inform the customer of how much time the upgrade will take
to discuss the implementation schedule for the new equipment
**to verify that the report accurately describes the current network and any plans for expansion
to layout the new network design and discuss possible equipment upgrades and replacements

10. A client requires a networking device that is capable of expansion to suit growing network demands. What type of device will suit this requirement?

a networking device with ports that can be activated and deactivated
**a networking device with a modular physical configuration
a networking device with the ability to be turned off remotely
a networking device with a cost per port that is as high as possible

11. What does the use of redundant network components supply to a network?

scalability
manageability
compatibility
**reliability

12. What is the benefit for a company to use an ISR router?

**An ISR provides the functionality of a switch, router, and firewall in one device.
ISRs use a PC operating system for routing traffic, thus simplifying configuration and management.
An ISR is immune to security attacks by hackers and so replaces all other network security measures.
ISRs make routing decisions at OSI Layer 7, thus providing more intelligence to the network than do other routers.

13. Which three items are typically found in an MDF? (Choose three.)

user workstations
**switches and routers
fax machines
**network equipment racks
**the point of presence
copier

14. What are two advantages of having ISP-managed services? (Choose two.)

does not require leasing costs for service
**can guarantee up to 99.999% availability
eliminates the need for data backup
**increases availability of help desk services
does not require a Service Level Agreement

15. A manufacturing company is in the process of a network upgrade. Which two statements are true about the phases of the upgrade process? (Choose two.)

**Phase 1 is used to determine network requirements.
Phase 2 includes creating an analysis report.
**Phase 3 is based on an implementation schedule that allows extra time for unexpected events.
Phase 4 is where prototypes are created and tested.
Phase 5 includes identifying and addressing any weaknesses in the design.

16. When designing a network upgrade, which two tasks should the onsite technician perform? (Choose two.)

configure the servers and routers prior to delivery
upgrade the network operating system and all client operating systems
**investigate and document the physical layout of the premises
document the final design for approval by the customer
**perform a site survey to document the existing network structure

17. What is the term for the location at the customer premise where the customer network physically connects to the Internet through a telecommunications service provider?

backbone area
**point of presence
network distribution facility
intermediate distribution frame

18. Refer to the exhibit. Which type of twisted pair cable is used between each device?

A=console, B=straight, C=crossover, D= crossover, E=straight
A=straight, B=straight, C=straight, D=crossover, E=console
A=crossover, B=straight, C=straight, D=crossover, E=crossover
**A=console, B=straight, C=straight, D=crossover, E=crossover
A=console, B=crossover, C=crossover, D=straight, E=straight

19. In what two ways will entering into a managed service agreement with an ISP for a network upgrade affect the costs that are incurred by the customer? (Choose two.)

Customer IT training costs will increase to enable operation of the new equipment.
The cost of hardware repairs and support will become the responsibility of the customer.
**Network upgrade and maintenance costs will become predictable.
Staffing costs will increase because the customer will need to hire additional IT staff to complete the upgrade.
**The company will not need to spend a large amount of money to purchase the equipment upfront.

20. Which type of cable has a solid copper core with several protective layers including PVC, braided wire shielding, and a plastic covering?

STP
UTP
**coaxial
fiber optic

21. What must be added when a network expands beyond the coverage area of the current telecommunications room?

MDF
POP
**IDF

CCNA DISCOVERY 2 CHAPTER 2 V4.1

2011-10-24T08:21:00.001-07:00

1. Which two functions are provided by the upper layers of the OSI model? (Choose two.)

placing electrical signals on the medium for transmission
**initiating the network communication process
**encrypting and compressing data for transmission
segmenting and identifying data for reassembly at the destination
choosing the appropriate path for the data to take through the network

2. Which is a function of the transport layer of the OSI model?

routes data between networks
converts data to bits for transmission
**delivers data reliably across the network using TCP
formats and encodes data for transmission
transmits data to the next directly connected device

3. Which common Layer 1 problem can cause a user to lose connectivity?

incorrect subnet mask
incorrect default gateway
**loose network cable
NIC improperly installed

4. Which three command line utilities are most commonly used to troubleshoot issues at Layer 3? (Choose three.)

**ping
a packet sniffer
Telnet
**ipconfig
**Traceroute

5. Which address is used by the router to direct a packet between networks?

source MAC address
destination MAC address
source IP address
**destination IP address

6. What is the correct encapsulation order when data is passed from Layer 1 up to Layer 4 of the OSI model?

**bits, frames, packets, segments
frames, bits, packets, segments
packets, frames, segments, bits
segments, packets, frames, bits

7. What are two goals of the ISP help desk? (Choose two.)

conserving support resources
**network optimization
competitive scalability
**customer retention
sales of network services

8. In what two ways do Level 1 and Level 2 help desk technicians attempt to solve a customer's problems? (Choose three.)

**talking to the customer on the telephone
upgrading hardware and software
**using various web tools
making an onsite visit
installing new equipment
**with remote desktop sharing applications

9. A customer calls the help desk about setting up a new PC and cable modem and being unable to access the Internet. What three questions would the technician ask if the bottom-up troubleshooting approach is used? (Choose three.)

**Is the NIC link light blinking?
What is the IP address and subnet mask?
Can the default gateway be successfully pinged?
**Is the network cable properly attached to the modem?
**Is the Category 5 cable properly connected to the network slot on the PC?
Can you access your e-mail account?

10. A customer calls to report a problem accessing an e-commerce web site. The help desk technician begins troubleshooting using a top-down approach. Which question would the technician ask the customer first?

**Can you access other web sites?
Is there a firewall installed on your computer?
What is your IP address?
Is the link light lit on your NIC card?

11. Which statement describes the process of escalating a help desk trouble ticket?

The help desk technican resolves the customer problem over the phone and closes the trouble ticket.
Remote desktop utilities enable the help desk technician to fix a configuration error and close the trouble ticket.
**After trying unsuccessfully to fix a problem, the help desk technician sends the trouble ticket to the onsite support staff.
When the problem is solved, all information is recorded on the trouble ticket for future reference.

12. What are two functions of the physical layer of the OSI model? (Choose two.)

adding the hardware address
**converting data to bits
encapsulating data into frames
**signal generation
routing packets

13. A customer calls the ISP help desk after setting up a new PC with a cable modem but being unable to access the Internet. After the help desk technician has verified Layer 1 and Layer 2, what are three questions the help desk technician should ask the customer? (Choose three.)

**What is your subnet mask?
**What is your IP address?
Is the NIC link light blinking?
**Can you ping the default gateway?
Is the network cable properly attached to the cable modem?
Is the network cable correctly connected to the network port on the PC?

14. Which scenario represents a problem at Layer 4 of the OSI model?

An incorrect IP address on the default gateway.
A bad subnet mask in the host IP configuration.
**A firewall filtering traffic addressed to TCP port 25 on an email server.
An incorrect DNS server address being given out by DHCP.

15. What are two basic procedures of incident management? (Choose two.)

**opening a trouble ticket
using diagnostic tools to identify the problem
surveying network conditions for further analysis
configuring new equipment and software upgrades
**adhering to a problem-solving strategy
e-mailing a problem resolution to the customer

16. Which level of support is supplied by an ISP when providing managed services?

Level 1
Level 2
**Level 3
Level 4

17. What is the first step that is used by a help desk technician in a systematic approach to helping a customer solve a problem?

identify and prioritize alternative solutions
isolate the cause of the problem
**define the problem
select an evaluation process

18. A network technician has isolated a problem at the transport layer of the OSI model. Which question would provide further information about the problem?

**Do you have a firewall that is configured on your PC?
Do you have a link light on your network card?
Is your PC configured to obtain addressing information using DHCP?
What default gateway address is configured in your TCP/IP settings?
Can you ping http://www.cisco.com?

19. An ISP help desk technician receives a call from a customer who reports that no one at their business can reach any websites, or get their e-mail. After testing the communication line and finding everything fine, the technician instructs the customer to run nslookup from the command prompt. What does the technician suspect is causing the customer's problem?

improper IP address configuration on the host
hardware failure of the ISR used to connect the customer to the ISP
bad cables or connections at the customer site
**failure of DNS to resolve names to IP addresses

20. Which layers of the OSI model are commonly referred to as the upper layers?

**application, presentation, session
application, session, network
presentation, transport, network
presentation, network, data link

CCNA DISCOVERY 2 CAHPTER 1 V4.1

2011-10-24T08:20:00.000-07:00

1. Which two things can be determined by using the ping command? (Choose two.)

the number of routers between the source and destination device
the IP address of the router nearest the destination device
*the average time it takes a packet to reach the destination and for the response to return to the source
*whether or not the destination device is reachable through the network
the average time it takes each router in the path between source and destination to respond

2. What are three main types of high-bandwidth connection options used by medium- to large-sized businesses? (Choose three.)

DSL
cable modem
Ethernet
*metro Ethernet
*T1
*T3

3. What is the maximum T1 transmission speed?

56 kbps
128 kbps
**1.544 Mbps
2.4 Mbps

4. Which of the following start the test of destination reachability?

**echo request issued by source
echo reply issued by source
echo request issued by destination
echo reply issued by destination

5. Which statement describes a function of a Tier 1 ISP?

**peers with other similarly sized ISPs to form the global Internet backbone
uses the services of Tier 3 ISPs to connect to the global Internet backbone
pays Tier 2 ISPs for transit services to connect across continents
limits the offered services to small geographic areas

6. At which point do individuals and small businesses connect directly to the ISP network to obtain Internet access?

**at a POP
at an IXP
at a Metro Ethernet link
on the ISP extranet

7.What information is contained in the numbered RFCs maintained by the IETF?

the rules for acceptable use of websites and e-mail
the descriptions of various hardware components that connect to the Internet
**the specifications and rules for how devices communicate over an IP network
the standards for cabling and wiring for local Ethernet networks

8. Which network support services team is responsible for testing a new customer connection and for monitoring the ongoing operation of the link?"

customer service
help desk
**network operations
on-site installation

9. Which network support services team identifies whether the client site has existing network hardware and circuits installed?

customer service
help desk
network operations
**planning and provisioning

10. Which ISP network support systems team will typically contact the customer once a new circuit is ready and guide the customer in setting up passwords and other account information?

**help desk
customer service
network operations center
on-site installation team
planning and provisioning

11. What feature allows network devices to be scalable?

a fixed number of interfaces
ease of repair
**modularity
low maintenance requirements
low cost

12. Which command generated this output?

1 12.0.0.2 4 msec 4 msec 4 msec
2 23.0.0.3 20 msec 16 msec 16 msec
3 34.0.0.4 16 msec 18 msec 16 msec
**Router# traceroute 34.0.0.4
Router# nslookup 34.0.0.4
Router# ping 34.0.0.4
Router# telnet 34.0.0.4

13. Which network utility helps determine the location of network problems and identifies routers that packets travel across?

ping
ipconfig
**traceroute
ixp

14. What interconnects the Internet backbone?

gateway routers
**IXPs
POPs
satellite dishes

15. What units are used to measure Internet bandwidth?

**bits per second
bytes per second
hertz
megabytes per second
packets per second

16. The IT manager of a medium-sized business wishes to house the company-owned web servers in a facility that offers round-the-clock controlled access, redundant power, and high-bandwidth Internet access. Which ISP service will fulfill this need?

web hosting
planning and provisioning
application hosting
**equipment colocation
Tier 1 ISP services

17. What is the purpose of an RFC?

to provide the connection point for multiple ISPs to the Internet
**to document the development and approval of an Internet standard
to connect a business to an ISP
to provide data communication services to ISP customers
to monitor network performance and connection status of ISP clients

18. When did the Internet become available for use by businesses and consumers?

1979
1984
**1991
1999
2000

19. What was the original purpose of the Internet?

voice communication
marketing
**research
commerce

20. What three support service teams are commonly found within an ISP? (Choose three.)

**help desk
computer support
application readiness
**network operations center
**planning and provisioning
implementation and documentation

CCNA 4 CHAPTER 1 V4.0

2011-10-24T08:18:00.000-07:00

1
What are two mechanisms that provide redundancy for server farm
implementations? (Choose two.)

host intrusion prevention systems

virtual private networks

network intrusion prevention systems

#Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

#Hot Standby Routing Protocol

2
The ability to connect securely to a private network over a public network is
provided by which WAN technology?

DSL

Frame Relay

ISDN

PSTN

#VPN

3
Which three statements describe the functions of the Cisco hierarchical network
design model? (Choose three.)

Route summarization is not necessary at the core and distribution layers.

#The distribution layer is responsible for traffic filtering and isolating failures from
the core.

#Two goals of the core layer are 100 percent uptime and maximizing throughput.

#The access layer provides a means of connecting end devices to the network.

The distribution layer distributes network traffic directly to end users.

The core layer usually employs a star topology.

4
A network designer is creating a new network. The design must offer enough
redundancy to provide protection against a single link or device failure, yet must not be too
complex or expensive to implement. What topology would fill these needs?

star

full mesh

#partial mesh

extended star

hub and spoke

5
Refer to the exhibit. If the firewall module has been correctly configured using best practices for
network security, which statement is true about the security design for the network?

Servers in the network are not protected from internal attacks.

#Servers in the DMZ are protected from internal and external attacks.

Servers in the server farm are protected from internal and external attacks.

Traffic from the external networks is not able to access the servers in the DMZ.

6
Which statement is true about a DMZ in a traditional network firewall design?

A DMZ is designed to provide service for external access but not for internal access.

#Servers in the DMZ provide limited information that can be accessed from external
networks.

User access to the DMZ from the Internet and the internal network usually is
treated the same way.

All servers in the enterprise network should be located in a DMZ because of enhanced
security measures.

7
download and upload documents on the network file server. What network connection would be
most cost efficient while still meeting the security and connectivity needs of this teleworker?

dedicated leased line connection with a dialup backup link

Frame Relay connection with a DSL backup link

#DSL VPN connection with a dialup backup link

ATM connection with a DSL VPN backup link

DSL connection with no backup link

8
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator creates a standard access control list to prohibit
traffic from the 192.168.1.0/24 network from reaching the 192.168.2.0/24 network while still
permitting Internet access for all networks. On which router interface and in which direction
should it be applied?

interface fa0/0, inbound

interface fa0/0, outbound

interface fa0/1, inbound

#interface fa0/1, outbound

9
Refer to the exhibit. The server broadcasts an ARP request for the MAC address of its default
gateway. If STP is not enabled, what is the result of this ARP request?

Router_1 contains the broadcast and replies with the MAC address of the next-hop
router.

Switch_A replies with the MAC address of the Router_1 E0 interface.

#Switch_A and Switch_B continuously flood the message onto the network.

Switch_B forwards the broadcast request and replies with the Router_1 address.

10
What are two best practices in wireless LAN design to ensure secure wireless
access to the corporate network? (Choose two.)

Configure APs for broadcast SSID.

Place APs as far apart as possible.

#Use a separate WLAN for employees.

#Configure WPA.

Use wireless routers in all IDFs.

11
In a well-designed, high-availability network, which device significantly affects the
most users if a failure occurs?

desktop PC of the user

large switch in the network core layer

large switch in the network distribution layer

#small workgroup switch in the network access layer

12
Which two statements are true regarding network convergence? (Choose two.)

#In a large network, using the EIGRP or OSPF routing protocols rather than RIPv2 may
improve convergence time.

Using STP at the core layer improves convergence time by allowing the use of
redundant links between devices.

#Route summarization improves convergence time by minimizing the size of the routing
table.

A full mesh topology improves convergence time by allowing load balancing.

ACLs can be configured to improve convergence time.

13
Centralizing servers in a data center server farm can provide which benefit over a
distributed server environment?

It keeps client-to-server traffic local to a single subnet.

Servers located in a data center require less bandwidth.

#It is easier to filter and prioritize traffic to and from the data center.

Server farms are not subject to denial of service attacks.

14
Refer to the exhibit. What effect does the ACL shown have on network traffic, assuming that it is
correctly applied to the interface?

All traffic to network 172.16.0.0 is denied.

All TCP traffic is denied to and from network 172.16.0.0.

#All Telnet traffic from the 172.16.0.0 network to any destination is denied.

All port 23 traffic to the 172.16.0.0 network is denied.

All traffic from the 172.16.0.0 network is denied to any other network.

15
Which Cisco IOS function can be configured at the distribution layer to filter
unwanted traffic and provide traffic management?

virus protection

spyware protection

VPNs

#access control lists

16
What kind of ACL inspects outbound UDP, TCP, and ICMP traffic and allows
inbound access only to traffic that belongs to these established sessions?

dynamic ACL

time-based ACL

#reflexive ACL

lock and key ACL

17
Which three functions are performed at the distribution layer of the hierarchical
network model? (Choose three.)

summarizing routes from the access layer

allowing end users to access the local network

providing the gateway of last resort for core layer devices

preserving bandwidth at the access layer by filtering network functions

#isolating network problems to prevent them from affecting the core layer

#utilizing redundant links for load balancing to increase available bandwidth

18
Refer to the exhibit. Which two devices are part of the access design layer? (Choose two.)

Edge2

ISP4

BR4

#FC-AP

FC-CPE-1

#FC-ASW-2

19
What is true about implementing a centralized server farm topology?

requires direct cabling from the MPOE to enhance the performance of servers

requires the addition of high-capacity switches to each workgroup

#provides defined entry and exit points so that filtering and securing traffic is easier

allows for placement of workgroup servers at the access layer

20
Refer to the exhibit. What happens when Host 1 attempts to send data?

Frames from Host 1 are dropped, but no other action is taken.

#Frames from Host 1 cause the interface to shut down, and a log message is sent.

Frames from Host 1 are forwarded, but a log message is sent.

Frames from Host 1 are forwarded, and the mac-address table is updated.

21
Which two considerations are valid when designing access layer security?(Choose two.)

In a large wireless network, the most efficient method to secure the WLAN is MAC
address filtering.

DoS attacks are normally launched against end-user PCs and can be mitigated by
installing personal firewalls on all company PCs.

#SSH is more secure than Telnet to administer network devices.

#Disabling unused ports on the switches helps prevent unauthorized access to the
network.

All Telnet passwords are at least 6 characters long.

22
What address can be used to summarize only networks 172.16.0.0/24,
172.16.1.0/24, 172.16.2.0/24, and 172.16.3.0/24?

172.16.0.0/21

#172.16.0.0/22

172.16.0.0 255.255.255.248

172.16.0.0 255.255.254.0

23
Which two items in a physical WLAN design can be identified through a site
survey? (Choose two.)

#the types of antennas that are required

the encryption techniques that are required

#the access point hardware that is required

the different levels of access that are required

the connection reliability that is required

24
Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements correctly describe the benefits of the network access
layer design that is shown? (Choose two.)

#If host A sends a broadcast message, only hosts in VLAN10 receive the broadcast frame.

If host A attempts to transmit data at the same time as another host, only hosts in
VLAN10 are affected by the collision.

#Segmenting all voice traffic on a separate VLAN facilitates the implementation of QoS.

VLANs improve network performance by facilitating the use of route
summarization.

VLANs at the access layer help guarantee network availability by facilitating load
balancing.

25
What are three ways to ensure that an unwanted user does not connect to a
wireless network and view the data? (Choose three.)

#Disable SSID broadcasting.

Configure filters to restrict IP addresses.

#Use authentication between clients and the wireless device.

Use NetBIOS name filtering between clients and the wireless device.

#Configure strong encryption such as WPA.

DHomesb Final Exam - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0) REV 4

2011-01-28T03:20:00.000-08:00

1
Bottom-up troubleshooting begins at which layer of the OSI model?
network layer
#physical layer
data link layer
transport layer
application layer

2
Which two statements are true about local applications? (Choose two.)
They run on the network.
An example of a local application is e-mail.
#They are accessed from a remote computer.
They are stored on the local hard disk.
#They run on the computer where they are installed.

3

Refer to the exhibit. What default gateway address will be assigned to PC1 if access to remote resources is needed?
#192.31.7.3
192.168.1.101
192.168.1.253
A default gateway is not necessary.

4
Which attribute must be the same for wireless devices on one network to be able to communicate with devices on a different network?
DNS server
MAC address
#default gateway
operating system
wireless equipment vendor

5
How do ISPs obtain public IP addresses?
They create the addresses themselves.
They obtain the addresses from the home PCs.
They obtain the addresses from the Internet registry.
#They obtain the addresses from the RFC.

6

Refer to the exhibit. The security policy of an organization allows employees to connect to the office intranet from their homes. Which type of security policy is this?
acceptable use
incident handling
network maintenance
#remote access

7
Which wireless component allows wireless clients to gain access to a wired network?
PDA
STA
access point
#wireless bridge

8
Which network design layer provides a connection point for end user devices to the network?
access
core
distribution
#network

9
Which two transport layer protocols are used to transfer messages between hosts? (Choose two.)
DHCP
FTP
SMTP
#TCP
#UDP

10
An administrator is troubleshooting a network problem that involves the inability of users to reach Internet sites. During troubleshooting, the administrator is able to successfully ping web sites by their IP address, but pings to domain names are unsuccessful. Which service is most likely at fault?
DHCP
#DNS
FTP
NAT

11

Refer to the graphic. Assume that the command output is from a wireless DHCP client that is connected to a Linksys integrated router. What can be deduced from the output?
#The wireless connection is good.
The WEP key or SSID needs to be checked.
The DHCP configuration on the router needs to be checked.
The wireless NIC driver or the NIC itself needs to be reinstalled.

12
A company has a web server that must be accessible to both external and internal clients. Which security policy best practice should be followed to maximize security of the server?
Place the web server in a DMZ.
#Keep the web server on the external network.
Configure a firewall device to serve as the web server.
Locate the web server in the server farm of the internal network.

13
TCP/IP data transmission between the source and destination host is de-encapsulated in four steps:

A. The TCP header is removed.
B. Bits are decoded and the destination MAC address is recognized.
C. The IP header is removed and the contents are passed to the next layer.
D. The Ethernet header and trailer are removed.

What is the correct sequence of these steps?
A, B, C, D
A, C, B, D
#B, C, D, A
B, D, C, A
C, A, B, D

14
A computer joins the network and announces itself to all hosts on the LAN. What type of message does the computer send out?
#broadcast
simulcast
multicast
unicast

15
What are two ways that a user can interact with an operating system shell? (Choose two.)
#CLI
OS
#GUI
NIC
kernel

16
What are two examples of peripheral input devices? (Choose two.)
external modem
#barcode reader
#digital camera
plotter
printer

17
What are three examples of logical configuration information used when planning a network implementation? (Choose three.)
#size of broadcast domains
naming scheme
length of cable runs
#IP addressing scheme
#physical device location
location of power outlets

18
Which wireless protocol is used for encryption?
EAP
Open
PSK
#WEP

19
Which value represents the host portion of IP address 128.107.10.11 with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0?
.10
#.10.11
128.107
.107.10.11
128.107.10

20
A home user is looking for an ISP connection that provides high speed digital transmission over regular phone lines. What ISP connection type should be used?
#DSL
dial-up
satellite
cell modem
cable modem

21
What is the purpose of pop-up blocker software?
It detects and removes spyware.
It detects and removes viruses.
#It prevents the display of advertisement windows.
It removes unwanted e-mail.

22
What are two advantages of purchasing a custom-built computer? (Choose two.)
usually a lower cost
no waiting period for assembly
#user can specify higher performance components
#supports higher-end graphics and gaming applications
fewer components to replace

23

Refer to the exhibit. PC1 is unable to access the web server at 209.165.200.226/27. Based on the provided output, what is the most likely cause of the problem?
PC1 is not plugged in to RTR1.
Port 80 is already in use on PC1.
No DNS server is configured on PC1.
#PC1 is configured with an incorrect IP address and default gateway.

24
What is the name for the contract between a customer and an ISP that specifies requirements for uptime and service response time?
DSL
IAB
NAP
#SLA

25
Which term is associated with logical addressing?
#IP addresses
port addresses
physical addresses
Media Access Control addresses

26
Which Windows PC command line utility can be used to discover the path that a packet takes to reach a destination?
ping
netstat
#tracert
nslookup
ipconfig

27
Which statement accurately describes what network devices do in the distribution layer of the three layer design model?
They interconnect individual hosts.
They interconnect multiple companies.
#They interconnect local network segments.
They interconnect the company network to the ISP.

28
Select three statements that correctly describe how DHCP services may be provided. (Choose three.)
An integrated router provides IP configurations for most ISPs.
#An integrated router can act as both DHCP server and DHCP client.
A home PC using a static IP address obtained that address from a DHCP server.
#Most home network integrated routers receive an IP configuration directly from their ISP.
#A variety of devices can act as DHCP servers, as long as they run DHCP service software.
A home PC that is unable to find a DHCP server defaults to the static IP address of 192.168.1.1.

29
Which two causes of networking problems are related to the physical layer? (Choose two.)
#disconnected cables
#improper operation of cooling fans
incorrect MAC address
incorrect default gateway
incorrect subnet mask

30
Which installation option should be chosen when the current operating system is too damaged to work properly?
upgrade
multi-boot
#clean install
virtualization

31
What is an ISP?
It is a standards body that develops cabling and wiring standards for networking.
It is a protocol that establishes how computers within a local network communicate.
#It is an organization that enables individuals and businesses to connect to the Internet.
It is a networking device that combines the functionality of several different networking devices in one.

32
What two pieces of information should a help desk technician document while troubleshooting connectivity issues with an end user? (Choose two.)
the CPU clock speed of the computer
the number of network jacks that are in the room
#if the user can ping the default gateway address
if the word processing software is installed correctly
#whether the PC uses dynamic or static IP addressing

33

Refer to the graphic. What feature can be installed on the Linksys integrated router to convert private IP addresses to Internet-routable addresses?
authentication
DHCP
encryption
firewall
#NAT
WEP

34
After attaching four PCs to the switch ports, configuring the SSID and setting authentication properties for a small office network, a technician successfully tests the connectivity of all PCs that are connected to the switch and WLAN. A firewall is then configured on the device prior to connecting it to the Internet. What type of network device includes all of the described features?
switch
ISR router
#firewall appliance
standalone wireless access point

35
For the second time in a week, workstations on a LAN are not able to log into the server. The technician fixed the problem the first time, but cannot remember the steps taken to solve it. What aspect of the troubleshooting process has the technician neglected?
identifying the problem
asking end-users questions
#documenting the troubleshooting process
using structured techniques to solve a problem

36
What is the default subnet mask for an IP address of 64.100.19.14?
#255.0.0.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.255

37
How does a crossover cable make it possible for two "like devices" (for example, two switches) to communicate?
The transmit pins are disconnected and only the receive pins are used.
The transmit pins on one device are connected to the transmit pins on the other device.
The receive pins on one device are connected to the receive pins on the other device.
#The transmit pins on one device are connected to the receive pins on the other device.

38
What will be one result of using a wireless infrastructure when designing the communications infrastructure for a new building?
#Wireless devices will be easy to add or relocate.
Infrastructure installation will be difficult and expensive.
There will be less interference from outside electronic sources.
Data transmitted over wireless networks will be more secure than when transmitted over wired networks.

39
What does the term "attenuation" mean in data communication?
#loss of signal strength as distance increases
time for a signal to reach its destination
leakage of signals from one cable pair to another
strengthening of a signal by a networking device

40
Which type of computer has an integrated mouse?
desktop
#laptop
mainframe
server
pocket PC

41
Which Windows command is used to display the configured IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway?
#ipconfig
netstat
nslookup
tracert

42
What must be identical on all devices in a WLAN for successful wireless communication between the devices?
#SSID
antenna type
network mode
wireless NIC driver

43
For devices that do not autosense, which connection requires a crossover cable?
hub port to router port
PC to hub port
PC to switch port
#PC port to PC port

44

Refer to the exhibit. A user on Host1 requests a web page from the web server. Which diagram is accurate for the encapsulation of the traffic that is sent from the user to the web server?

(D)

45
What describes the external IP address that is obtained by a router through a cable or DSL modem?
a public address that is obtained from ICANN
a private address that is manually configured by the administrator
#a public address that is obtained through DHCP from the ISP
a private address that converts to a public address on the internal LAN

46
Which two components are configured via software in order for a PC to participate in a network environment? (Choose two.)
MAC address
#IP address
kernel
shell
#subnet mask

47
What destination IP address is used in a unicast packet?
#a specific host
a group of hosts
all hosts on the network
the network broadcast address

48
Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is commonly used to exchange data between a PDA and a computer?
FM
radar
#infrared
ultraviolet

49
What two commands can be used to form a new binding if client information does not agree with the DHCP client table? (Choose two.)
#ipconfig /release
ipconfig /all
ipconfig /flushdns
#ipconfig /renew
ipconfig

50
What are the two possible values for a digital bit? (Choose two.)
#0
#1
A
F
#
9

51
Which picture shows a USB port on a PC?
(I THINK YOU'ARE A SMART GUY)

52
What is the purpose of a router?
#to forward broadcasts to all interfaces so that all hosts receive them
to maintain a table of individual host addresses
to select the best path to reach remote networks
to physically connect multiple hosts that belong to the same network

Homesb Final Exam - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0) REV 3

2011-01-28T02:58:00.000-08:00

1
What is the purpose of TCP?
to manage data links and physical network transmissions
to specify the format of requests and responses that are exchanged between the client and server
*to assign the logical address and encapsulate the request into packets for routing to the destination
to provide flow control and acknowledgment of packets that are exchanged between the client and server

2
Which adapter card would be required for a PC to exchange information with other PCs on a LAN?
*NIC
video card
sound card
internal modem

3
Which type of computer has an integrated mouse?
desktop
*laptop
mainframe
server
pocket PC

4
After attaching four PCs to the switch ports, configuring the SSID and setting authentication properties for a small office network, a technician successfully tests the connectivity of all PCs that are connected to the switch and WLAN. A firewall is then configured on the device prior to connecting it to the Internet. What type of network device includes all of the described features?
switch
ISR router
*firewall appliance
standalone wireless access point

5
Which installation option should be chosen when the current operating system is too damaged to work properly?
upgrade
multi-boot
*clean install
virtualization

6
A computer joins the network and announces itself to all hosts on the LAN. What type of message does the computer send out?
*broadcast
simulcast
multicast
unicast

7
What portion of the destination IP address is used as a packet is routed through the Internet?
*subnet mask
host portion
network portion
default gateway address

8
Which layer in the hierarchical Ethernet design model ensures that traffic between local networks will be allowed?
core layer
*access layer
network layer
distribution layer

9
What is the name for the contract between a customer and an ISP that specifies requirements for uptime and service response time?
DSL
IAB
NAP
*SLA

10
A network technician is required to provide access to the Internet for a large company. What is needed to accomplish this task?
*ISP
private IP addresses for each host
static IP addresses for each host
DHCP server

11
A user is not able to connect to the network. A PC technician replaces the network cable that connects the PC to the switch port. The user is now able to connect to the network. Which troubleshooting technique did the technician use?
top-down
substitution
*divide-and-conquer
a combination of top-down and divide-and-conquer

12
What component of a personal computer is responsible for the processing of all data?
RAM
*CPU
firewall
system bus
operating system

13
Which two transport layer protocols are used to transfer messages between hosts? (Choose two.)
DHCP
FTP
SMTP
*TCP
*UDP

14
Which device is often configured to act as both a DHCP client and a DHCP server?
home PC
*ISP modem
wireless-enabled laptop
integrated services router

15

Refer to the exhibit. Which pair of addresses would be appropriate to use for PC1 and PC2 to establish a workgroup using private addresses?
127.0.0.1 and 127.0.0.2
*172.16.4.2 and 172.16.4.3
172.16.5.1 and 192.168.3.2
198.133.219.25 and 198.133.219.26

What are two ways that a user can interact with an operating system shell? (Choose two.)
*CLI
OS
*GUI
NIC
kernel

17
A company has a web server that must be accessible to both external and internal clients. Which security policy best practice should be followed to maximize security of the server?
Place the web server in a DMZ.
*Keep the web server on the external network.
Configure a firewall device to serve as the web server.
Locate the web server in the server farm of the internal network.
*18
Which wireless component allows wireless clients to gain access to a wired network?
PDA
STA
access point
*wireless bridge

*19
Which two statements are characteristics of DHCP services? (Choose two.)
*A DHCP client determines the lease time for using the IP address that is supplied by the DHCP server.
An integrated router acts as the DHCP server to provide the IP address to the ISP.
DHCP clients send a DHCP Discover message to the destination IP address of 255.255.255.255.
*The DHCP server maps the IP addresses to host names.
The integrated router acts as a DHCP server for internal hosts on local networks.

20
What is the correct sequence of steps in the encapsulation of TCP/IP data as it passes from a source to a destination host?

A. converts data to bits for transmission
B. packages the data for end to end transport
C. adds the data-link header and trailer
D. adds the network IP address to the header of the packet
A,B,C,D
A,C,D,B
*B,D,C,A
B,C,D,A
D,C,B,A

21

Refer to the exhibit. Assume that the exhibited output is from a host that is connected to a Linksys integrated router. What is the first thing that should be checked while using a bottom-up troubleshooting approach?
the default gateway on the host
the IP address on the host
the IP address on the router
*the link status LED on the front of the router
the subnet mask on the host

22
Which firewall resource could include the capability of recognizing and filtering DoS attacks?
URL filtering
application filtering
*Layer 4 packet filtering
stateful packet inspection

*23
Which type of network attack occurs when an unauthorized person tries to persuade a user to share a network user ID and password?
brute force
denial of service
data manipulation
*social engineering

*24
Which type of network supports DHCP and DNS services for network users in a network domain?
client/server
peer-to-peer
hierarchical
*ad hoc

*25
What is the purpose of pop-up blocker software?
It detects and removes spyware.
It detects and removes viruses.
*It prevents the display of advertisement windows.
It removes unwanted e-mail.

26
What are two best practices that are used when configuring a small home WLAN? (Choose two.)
the use of EAP
the encryption of the SSID
the use of pre-shared keys
the use of open authentication
the disabling of SSID broadcasting

27
What is a service pack?
an access policy
an agreement between a company and a vendor
a piece of code created to fix one specific problem
*a collection of patches and updates released by a vendor
a small piece of software designed specifically for security issues

*28
Why would a corporate web server be assigned a public IP address instead of a private IP address?
The public address can be acquired at no cost.
*The public address can be routed on the Internet.
The public address provides a security advantage.
The same public address can be used on multiple servers to prevent depletion of available IP addresses.

29
When would a LAN switch use flooding to forward a frame?
when the MAC address table is empty
when retransmissions are required after a collision
after all hosts on the network are added to the MAC table
when a frame is received from a port that is connected to a hub

30

Refer to the exhibit. The network is experiencing excessive broadcast traffic from multiple hosts. What can be done to reduce the broadcast traffic that each host receives without compromising connectivity to the corporate servers?
Separate the switches with a router.
Create a separate VLAN for the servers and hosts.
Change from Ethernet switches to FastEthernet switches.
Increase the number of switches to reduce the number of PCs that are connected to each switch.

What are two characteristics of a MAC address? (Choose two.)
*It indicates the physical location of the host within the network.
It is dynamically assigned by a DHCP server.
*It is displayed in HEX characters.
It is a physical address.
It is cable-based.

*32
What is an advantage of purchasing a custom-built computer?
It is beneficial for less knowledgeable consumers.
The waiting period for assembly is negligible.
The cost is lower compared to a computer that has been preassembled.
*The user can specify high-performance components to meet specific needs.

33
What are two examples of peripheral input devices? (Choose two.)
external modem
*barcode reader
digital camera
*plotter
printer

34
A home user is looking for an ISP connection that provides high speed digital transmission over regular phone lines. What ISP connection type should be used?
*DSL
dial-up
satellite
cell modem
cable modem

35
Which protocol in its default configuration downloads e-mail messages to the client computer and deletes them from the server?
FTP
*POP3
SMTP
IMAP4

36
Which two statements are true about local applications? (Choose two.)
They run on the network.
An example of a local application is e-mail.
*They are accessed from a remote computer.
They are stored on the local hard disk.
*They run on the computer where they are installed.

37
What is the purpose of the ipconfig /release command?
*It forces a client to give up its current IP address.
It forces a client to give up its current MAC address.
It forces the client to clear all the MAC address to IP address associations it has learned.
It shows the current IP configuration on the client.

38
Which attribute must be the same for wireless devices on one network to be able to communicate with devices on a different network?
DNS server
MAC address
*default gateway
operating system
wireless equipment vendor

39
A user has reported a failure to connect to the network. Based on similar calls from other users in the same location, the network technician starts troubleshooting by entering the ipconfig command on the user computer. Which troubleshooting technique is the technician using?
top-down
*bottom-up
substitution
divide-and-conquer

*40
Which statement accurately describes what network devices do in the distribution layer of the three layer design model?
They interconnect individual hosts.
They interconnect multiple companies.
They interconnect local network segments.
They interconnect the company network to the ISP.

41

Refer to the graphic. Based on the information that is shown, what statement is true?
This configuration would be commonly found in an ad hoc wireless network.
Any wireless client that is attached to this access point would have the same IP address and SSID.
*All wireless devices that are connected to this access point must have an assigned SSID of Academy.
In addition to accepting wireless client requests, this access point must connect to the wired network.

42
What wireless technology has the ability to communicate with many devices at the same time, makes use of the 2.4 GHz band, and is limited to low-speed, short-range communications?
*RF
ISM
infrared
Bluetooth

*43
Which of the following statements best describes DNS?
DNS servers are used to map an IP address to a physical address.
*DNS servers are used to map a name to an IP address.
DNS servers are used to configure logical address information for host computers.
DNS servers are used to translate from private addresses to public addresses.

44

Refer to the exhibit. An educational institution needs to connect PC systems that use private IP addressing to the Internet. They have multiple systems that need to access the Internet, but were only able to purchase one public IP address. What should be activated on the Linksys integrated router to achieve this goal?
authentication
DHCP
encryption
firewall
/*NAT
WEP

*45
What procedure will help prevent users from detecting a wireless network?
Enable WEP.
Enable MAC filtering.
Disable SSID broadcasts.
Change the default administrator password on the AP.

Chapter 1 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2011-01-25T06:10:00.001-08:00

1
Which type of memory is primarily used as cache memory?
#SRAM

2
A customer orders a new computer and specifies an internal read-write, non-volatile storage device that uses low power, has fast access to data, and is reliable. What is a suitable storage device that meets these requirements?
#solid state drive

3
Which type of ROM can be reprogrammed with software while it is still physically installed in the computer?
#EEPROM

4
Refer to the exhibit. Based on the advertisement that is shown, what is the native resolution of this computer system?
#1280 x 800

5
Which type of computer resources are direct lines to the processor used by computer components to request information from the CPU?
#IRQs

6
Which two activities are normally controlled by the Northbridge part of the chip set? (Choose two.)
#access to the RAM
#access to the video card

7
Which type of RAM chip has the fastest clock rate but consumes the least power and generates the least heat?
#DDR3 SDRAM

8
Which expansion slot would be used to install a video capture card in a new computer?
#Peripheral Component Interconnect-Express

9
A technician is helping a customer compare two hard drives. Which unit of measurement is used for the hard drive speed?
#revolutions per minute

10
Refer to the exhibit. Which type of cable is shown in the graphic?
#Serial

11
Which type of memory is unable to have the contents modified?
#ROM

12
Which important feature is offered by the USB standard?
#It can supply power from the computer to devices.

13
Which CPU architecture uses a small set of instructions that are designed to be executed rapidly?
#RISC

14
Which two characteristics are determined by the chip set on a motherboard? (Choose two.)
#maximum amount of memory that can be installed
#type of connectors that will be on the motherboard

15
Which two devices are considered input devices? (Choose two.)
#biometric authentication device
#digital camera

16
Which technology would be best to use for drive redundancy and data protection?
#RAID

17
Which two characteristics of a motherboard can be determined by the form factor? (Choose two.)
#size
shape

18
Which two categories are used to classify CPU architecture? (Choose two.)
#CISC
#RISC

19
Which three system resources are commonly used for communication between the CPU or memory and other components in the computer? (Choose three.)
#IRQ
#DMA
#I/O address

20
What is the function of a capture card?
#enables a video signal to be recorded to the computer hard drive

21
Why are solid state drives reliable and therefore suitable to be installed in computers used in harsh industrial workplaces?
#They consume less power and have no moving parts.

22
A technician needs to back up 4 GB of data using a single storage medium. Which medium can hold the entire 4 GB on a single disc?
#DVD+/-R

23
How many conductors are found in a SATA data cable?
#7

24
What are the two connector types for the 1394a interface? (Choose two.)
#4-pin
#6-pin

25
Which two form factors are commonly used to build a new computer? (Choose two.)
#BTX
#ATX

26
A company employee has very important data on a computer. What RAID level should be used if the criteria include that data be written and read simultaneously and that all data be duplicated using a minimum of three drives?
#5

27
PATA data cables are available in two different types. The types are distinguished by the number of conductors. Which two types are available? (Choose two.)
#40
#80

28
Which three devices are considered output devices? (Choose three.)
#headphones
#monitor
#printer

Final Exam for ch 1-10 - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2011-01-25T06:06:00.000-08:00

1
A computer user buys a low priced replacement monitor but finds that there is a lot of flicker. The flicker makes the monitor unusable. Which characteristic of a monitor needs to be considered to ensure flicker-free viewing?
#refresh rate

2
When analyzing a protocol used on the network, it is discovered that multicast messages are being sent to network devices. Which class of IP addressing is being used to send these messages?
#D

3
A technician notices that a data floppy disk is in the floppy disk drive of a computer when it is powered on. Which error message could this potentially cause?
#invalid system disk

4
What characterizes spoofing?
#Making data appear to come from a source other than the actual source.

5
When a Windows XP computer has completed the POST for each adapter card that has a BIOS, what is the next step during the boot sequence?
#BIOS reads the MBR.

6
When calculating the total cost of ownership of a printer it is necessary to consider the cost of the consumables. Which two consumables are associated with an inkjet printer? (Choose two.)
#ink cartridge
#paper

7
Which protocol adds security to remote connections?
#SSH

8
What is the purpose of an IRQ?
#Request information from the CPU.

9
A wireless LAN is being deployed inside the new park ranger, one room office that is located at the highest part of the national park. When the testing was completed, the technicians reported that occasionally, the wireless LAN signal is affected by some type of interference. What are two possible causes of the signal distortion? (Choose two.)
#the number of wireless devices that are used in the wireless LAN
#the large number of trees that surround the office

10
When installing a service pack or security patches on an operating system, what should be done to protect the system in the event of a faulty or aborted installation?
#Create a restore point.

11
A technician is asked to wire a network that supports CSMA/CD. Which architecture and physical topology should the technician use for supporting this access control method?
#Ethernet and Star

12
What is the best way to fully ensure that data is unable to be recovered from a hard drive?
#shattering the hard drive platters with a hammer

13
A technician is asked to configure the time the system must be idle before the hard disk spins down on all the Windows-based laptops in the company. The technician configured the power options in Windows but it appears to have no effect. Where should the technician look to enable power management?
#System Registry

14
A printer has a paper jam. An impatient user has sent multiple print jobs of the same document to this printer. What can be done to remove these print jobs?
#Cancel the jobs in the printer queue.

15
ABC Inc. decided to integrate redundancy by connecting multiple hard disks to duplicate the information they store. Which type of adapter will need to be installed on the servers to accomplish the desired redundancy?
#RAID adapter

16
A call center technician has asked a customer to perform a simple operation to fix a problem on a computer. The customer seems unable to perform the task. What should the technician do?
#Determine whether the customer would prefer to receive the instructions in another form, such as e-mailed, illustrated written instructions.

17
Which two technologies enable printers to be accessed by multiple network users? (Choose two.)
#Wi-Fi
#Ethernet

18
A user reports that a printer is printing unknown characters on documents. What is a possible solution to this issue?
#Uninstall and reinstall the printer driver.

19
Which network device uses a MAC address table to segment the network?
#router

20
A technician needs to configure the hard drive on a computer so that there appears to be one drive for the operating system and four drives for data from different applications. How can the hard drive be configured to provide this perception?
#Create one primary partition and one logical partition with four logical drives within it.

21
A supervisor received a complaint that one of the technicians was rude and disrespectful. Which action by the technician most likely caused the customer to complain?
#The technician interrupted a number of times to ask questions.

22
A technician is troubleshooting a user complaint that a printer is not printing a report. Which step is one of the first that the technician should take?
#Check the Device Manager on the user computer for hardware problems.

23
Which Registry file contains information about all software that is installed on a Windows XP computer?
#HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

24
A hacker is detected using commonly available wireless hacking tools to access encrypted wireless network communication. Which resolution would prevent this action?
#Change the SSID that is being used on the wireless network.

25
Which two general precautions should be taken before replacing any non-hot-swappable laptop component? (Choose two.)
#Disconnect the power cord.
#Remove any batteries.

26
Which power mode should be used by a laptop so that all the data is saved, all the applications the user was working on are left open, and there is no power used by the laptop?
#Hibernate

27
What is the purpose of SCSI and RAID adapters?
#to connect storage devices such as hard disk drives to a PC

28
Which network protocol is used to automatically assign an IP address to a computer on a network?
#DHCP

29
A customer used the convert.exe utility to take advantage of NTFS security features. The customer later discovered that the application on the computer can only read FAT32 files. After the hard drive was formatted back to FAT32, the customer noticed all of the data files are missing. What should the customer do next?
#Restore the data files that were backed up in preparation for the conversion.

30
Which two components normally require a laptop to be powered down and the battery removed before removing the components? (Choose two.)
#internal hard drive
#RAM

31
A customer reports that after using a computer for over a year, the computer now takes more time to access the files. Which management tool can be used first, before any other complex procedure?
#defrag

32
A customer needs to purchase a new power supply for a computer. What must be considered when selecting an appropriate power supply?
#The power supply has sufficient wattage to support all components inside the computer.

33
What is a benefit of using the USB or FireWire ports to connect peripherals to a laptop?
#The peripherals can be plugged in and out without turning the laptop off.

34
A small business has used a high quality configurable flatbed scanner to scan a number of photographs to print as large posters. However, the quality of the images printed as posters is poor. What should the user do?
#Increase the resolution of the scanner.

35
A user has been writing data to a USB flash memory drive. What should the user do before removing the device?
#Click on the Safely Remove Hardware icon in the system tray then on the device.

36
A technician installed a network adapter in a computer and wants to test network connectivity. The ping command can only receive a response from local workstations. What could be causing the problem?
#The default gateway is not set.

37
A technician is explaining the differences between inkjet printers and laser printers to a customer. Which two comparisons should the technician make? (Choose two.)
#Inkjet printers are less expensive than laser printers.
#The laser printer output is dry after printing, but an inkjet printer may still have wet ink on the paper after printing.

38
A network administrator is troubleshooting a server that keeps crashing. While monitoring traffic to the server, the administrator notices repeated, larger than normal pings to the server. What is the name of this type of attack?
#ping of death

39
A technician wants to create a new partition on a new additional hard drive. Which tool should be used?
#Disk Management

40
Which two quick solutions are commonly recommended when a technician is troubleshooting a laptop? (Choose two.)
#Reboot the laptop.
#Disconnect the peripherals.

41
A company uses a single computer to receive and test all Windows updates. When the most recent update was installed, several programs failed. What is the first course of action that a technician should attempt to remove the update?
#Run a System Restore from the last restore point.

42
A mobile training room uses a generator to power the PCs, servers, and printers. The company that runs the room upgraded the equipment but then found that when all the devices are powered up they become unreliable, with some PCs shutting down. What may cause this power problem?
#The power consumption of all devices is too much for the electrical circuit that is provided.

43
When installing the Windows XP operating system, a technician is given a choice of file systems to use. If security is a requirement, which file system should be chosen?
#NTFS

44
A technician has replaced a failing floppy drive. While testing the new drive, the technician notices that the floppy drive light remains lit constantly. What is most likely the cause of the problem?
#The ribbon cable is installed incorrectly.

45
Which two types of connectors can be found on DVI cables? (Choose two.)

46
Which Windows tool should be run before upgrading the operating system?
#Ntbackup

47
The technician has been asked to upgrade the printer driver for an old printer. What is the best source for a new driver?
#manufacturer's website

48
Where can a user change the idle time after which a laptop will switch to standby mode?
#Left-click Start > Control Panel > Power Options, then click the Power Schemes tab.

49
A home computer owner has a PC system that runs Windows XP. For security reasons the owner has been using a limited local user account for a number of years. The owner wishes to install a new piece of software, but the user account does not have the necessary permissions. Which type of account does the owner need to use to install the new software?
#administrator

50
A student enables file sharing on a laptop so that a friend can access music files. Which type of service is being configured?
#peer-to-peer

51
What do the terms refresh rate, interlace, and aspect ratio explain?
#image properties of a monitor

52
A technician wishes to boot a computer using a CD-ROM that contains a limited operating system and diagnostic utilities. Where would the technician set the boot order for the PC?
#BIOS

Photography Is Never Die

2011-01-25T05:41:00.000-08:00

DHomesb Final Exam - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0) REV 2

2011-01-16T23:42:00.000-08:00

1
How does a crossover cable connect two routers?
    It connects the pins that are used for transmitting on one router to the pins that are used for receiving on the other router.

2
Which statement correctly describes the function of ARP?
    ARP is used by hosts to resolve an IP address to a MAC address for the destination host.

3
Which installation option should be chosen when the current operating system is too damaged to work properly?
    clean install

4
A network engineer wants to represent confidential data in binary format. What are the two possible values that the engineer can use? (Choose two.)
    0
5
Why does a router maintain an ARP table?
    to determine addressing of frames for delivery on a local network segment

6
What is the purpose of TCP?
    to manage data links and physical network transmissions

7
Which three address ranges can be used to depict private IP addresses? (Choose three.)
    10.0.0.0 to 10.0.0.255
    172.16.1.0 to 172.16.1.255
    192.168.22.0 to 192.168.22.255

8
Which two causes of networking problems are related to the physical layer? (Choose two.)
    disconnected cables
    improper operation of cooling fans

9

Refer to the exhibit. PC1 sends a data packet to PC4. When the router forwards the data out Fa0/1, what destination MAC address will the router place in the frame?
    0200.545D.25F7

10
What are two ways that a user can interact with an operating system shell? (Choose two.)
    CLI
    GUI

11
What is a service pack?
    a collection of patches and updates released by a vendor

12
What component of a personal computer is responsible for the processing of all data?
    CPU

13
What is a major characteristic of asymmetric Internet service?
    Download speeds are faster than upload speeds.

14
What is the function of CSMA/CA in a WLAN?
    It assures that clients are connected to the correct WLAN.

15
For the second time in a week, workstations on a LAN are not able to log into the server. The technician fixed the problem the first time, but cannot remember the steps taken to solve it. What aspect of the troubleshooting process has the technician neglected?
    identifying the problem
16
What are two best practices that are used when configuring a small home WLAN? (Choose two.)
    the encryption of the SSID
    the use of pre-shared keys

17
Which portion of the packet does a router use to forward the packet to the destination?
    destination IP address

18
For devices that do not autosense, which connection requires a crossover cable?
    PC port to PC port

19
A user in a small office is unable to connect to the Internet. The user examines the physical connections to the ISR, a Linksys WRT300N, and notices a solid green LED on the port that is wired to the computer. What does the LED indicate about the current state of the port?
    The computer is plugged in but no traffic is flowing.

20
Refer to the graphic. Based on the information that is shown, what statement is true?
    All wireless devices that are connected to this access point must have an assigned SSID of Academy.

21
Refer to the exhibit. A home network is configured with the information in the graphic. A user tries to manually create a new connection to the network using the SSID Ciscoclass. However, a connection cannot be made. What could be the problem?
    The SSID is case-sensitive.

22
How do ISPs obtain public IP addresses?
    They obtain the addresses from the RFC.

23
What two pieces of information should a help desk technician document while troubleshooting connectivity issues with an end user? (Choose two.)
    if the user can ping the default gateway address
    whether the PC uses dynamic or static IP addressing

24
Refer to the exhibit. A network technician is statically assigning an IP address to a PC. The default gateway is correct. What would be a valid IP address to assign to the host?
    128.107.255.1

25
Refer to the exhibit. With NAT overload configured on router R2, what is the inside global host address for packets that travel from host H1 to the Internet?
    192.168.1.254

26
A network technician is required to provide access to the Internet for a large company. What is needed to accomplish this task?
    ISP

27
Which type of computer has an integrated mouse?
    laptop

28
An administrator is troubleshooting a network problem that involves the inability of users to reach Internet sites. During troubleshooting, the administrator is able to successfully ping web sites by their IP address, but pings to domain names are unsuccessful. Which service is most likely at fault?
    DNS

29
What is the purpose of pop-up blocker software?
    It prevents the display of advertisement windows.
30
When would infrared be used to connect network devices?
    when synchronizing a PC with a PDA that is in line of sight
31
Which two protocols are responsible for encrypting data on a wireless network? (Choose two.)
    WEP
    WPA

32
Which type of attack involves flooding a server port with SYN messages?
    data manipulation

33
Which of the following are transport layer protocols of the TCP/IP model? (Choose two.)
    UDP
    TCP

34
A home user is looking for an ISP connection that provides high speed digital transmission over regular phone lines. What ISP connection type should be used?
    dial-up

35
Which picture shows a USB port on a PC?
(UCAN ANSWER IT BY YOURSELF)
36
What type of message is sent to a specific group of hosts?
    unicast

37
What is an advantage of purchasing a custom-built computer?
    The cost is lower compared to a computer that has been preassembled.

38
Which device is often configured to act as both a DHCP client and a DHCP server?
    wireless-enabled laptop

39

Refer to the exhibit. Assume that the exhibited output is from a host that is connected to a Linksys integrated router. What is the first thing that should be checked while using a bottom-up troubleshooting approach?
    the IP address on the router

40
Which two automatic addressing assignments are supported by DHCP? (Choose two.)
    subnet mask
    default gateway address

41
A local PC has the correct configuration that is required to access the network. A ping command that is sourced at the PC does not receive a response from a remote device. Which operating system command might be used to determine where the connection failed?
    tracert

42
What is a weakness of WEP that is solved by WPA?
    WEP uses a fixed length key for every connection whereas WPA uses a different key length for each connection.

43
Which Windows PC command line utility can be used to discover the path that a packet takes to reach a destination?
    tracert

44
What is the purpose of the ipconfig /release command?
    It forces the client to clear all the MAC address to IP address associations it has learned.

45
Refer to the exhibit. Which option correctly represents the encapsulation of a packet that is sent by Host1 to the web server?

DESTINATION IP ADDRESS : 172.16.1.1
SOURCE IP ADDRESS : 172.16.1.10
DESTINATION PORT : 80
SOURCE PORT : 1048
46
When would a LAN switch use flooding to forward a frame?
    when retransmissions are required after a collision

47
Which type of network supports DHCP and DNS services for network users in a network domain?
    client/server

48
What is the default subnet mask for an IP address of 64.100.19.14?
    255.0.0.0

49
Two switches are interconnected in the same wiring closet. What type of cable is typically used for this connection?
    UTP crossover

50
Which two statements are true about local applications? (Choose two.)
    They are stored on the local hard disk.
    They run on the computer where they are installed.

51
Which IP address type is intended for a specific host?
    unicast

52
What are two examples of peripheral output devices? (Choose two.)
    headphones
    printer

DHomesb Final Exam - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0)

2011-01-16T23:32:00.000-08:00

1
Refer to the exhibit. The security policy of an organization allows employees to connect to the office intranet from their homes. Which type of security policy is this?
    remote access

2
What two commands can be used to form a new binding if client information does not agree with the DHCP client table? (Choose two.)
    ipconfig /release
    ipconfig /renew

3
For devices that do not autosense, which connection requires a crossover cable?
    PC port to PC port

4
Which adapter card would be required for a PC to exchange information with other PCs on a LAN?
    NIC

5
Which wireless technology provides mutual two-way authentication?
    EAP

6
What component of a personal computer is responsible for the processing of all data?
    CPU

7
What statement describes the filtering of traffic via the use of Stateful Packet Inspection?
    It permits incoming packets that are legitimate responses to requests from internal hosts.

8
Which protocol in its default configuration downloads e-mail messages to the client computer and deletes them from the server?
    POP3

9
Which protocol is used to transfer files among network devices and perform file-management functions?
    FTP

10
What is true about a wireless access point that is equipped with an omnidirectional antenna?
    radiates the signal equally in all directions

11
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement is true based on the information that is shown in the exhibit?
    All wireless devices that are connected to this AP must have an assigned SSID of College.

12
Which of the following statements best describes DNS?
    DNS servers are used to map a name to an IP address.

13
What is specified by the network number in an IP address?
    the network to which the host belongs

14
Which two causes of networking problems are related to the physical layer? (Choose two.)
    damaged cables and connectors
    overheated components

15
What wireless technology has the ability to communicate with many devices at the same time, makes use of the 2.4 GHz band, and is limited to low-speed, short-range communications?
    RF
16
The help desk at a large packaging company receives a call from a user who is concerned about lost data files on the local PC. The help desk technician learns that the user clicked on an icon that appeared to be a program update, but no updates were scheduled for that program. What type of attack has likely occurred?
    worm

17
What are two examples of peripheral input devices? (Choose two.)
    barcode reader
    digital camera

18
Refer to the exhibit. Assume that the command output is from a wireless DHCP client that is connected to a Linksys integrated router. What can be deduced from the output?
    The wireless connection is operational.

19
What does it mean when a problem is being escalated by a helpdesk?
    The helpdesk is moving the problem to a higher level support staff.

20
Which three statements describe an IP address? (Choose three.)
    An IP address is known as a logical address.
    An IP address is found in the Layer 2 header during transmission.
    An IP address is unique within the same local network.

21
What advantage does a peer-to-peer network have over a client-server network?
    It eliminates the need for centralized administration.

22
A wireless DHCP client cannot connect to the Internet through a Linksys integrated router. When you type ipconfig on the host, no IP address, subnet mask, or default gateway shows. What are two of the first things you will check? (Choose two.)
    if the wireless client is configured for DHCP
    if the correct default gateway is configured on the integrated router

23
Refer to the exhibit. If H4 sends a message to H1 and the destination MAC address is in the MAC table for both Switch1 and Switch2, which host devices will receive the message?
    all hosts that are connected to Switch1 and Switch2

24
What is the purpose of pop-up blocker software?
    It prevents the display of advertisement windows.

25
A host wants to send information simultaneously to all the other hosts in the same network. Which domain will support this type of communication?
    broadcast

26
Which portion of the packet does a router use to forward the packet to the destination?
    destination IP address

27
What measurement is commonly used to describe communication speed when transferring data?
    bps

28
What procedure will help prevent users from detecting a wireless network?
    Disable SSID broadcasts.

29
How does a crossover cable connect two routers?
    It connects the pins that are used for transmitting on one router to the pins that are used for receiving on the other router.

30
Which Windows PC command line utility can be used to discover the path that a packet takes to reach a destination?
    tracert
31
What destination IP address is used in a unicast packet?
    a specific host

32
Which two automatic addressing assignments are supported by DHCP? (Choose two.)
    subnet mask
    default gateway address

33
Which network design layer provides hosts with initial connectivity to the network?
    distribution

34
Which installation option should be chosen when the current operating system is too damaged to work properly?
    clean install

35
What are two advantages of purchasing a custom-built computer? (Choose two.)
    user can specify higher performance components
    supports higher-end graphics and gaming applications

36
When would infrared be used to connect network devices?
    when synchronizing a PC with a PDA that is in line of sight

37
For the second time in a week, workstations on a LAN are not able to log into the server. The technician fixed the problem the first time, but cannot remember the steps taken to solve it. What aspect of the troubleshooting process has the technician neglected?
    identifying the problem

38
What are two characteristics of IPv4 addresses? (Choose two.)
    They consist of two parts.
    They are Layer 2 addresses and are different for every computer.

39
Which two statements are true about local applications? (Choose two.)
    They are stored on the local hard disk.
    They run on the computer where they are installed.

40
Which picture shows a USB port on a PC?
(YOU CAN ANSWER IT)
41
Why would a corporate web server be assigned a public IP address instead of a private IP address?
    The public address can be routed on the Internet.

42

Refer to the exhibit. An educational institution needs to connect PC systems that use private IP addressing to the Internet. They have multiple systems that need to access the Internet, but were only able to purchase one public IP address. What should be activated on the Linksys integrated router to achieve this goal?
    NAT

43
What type of computer would most likely use a docking station?
    laptop

44
What is the default subnet mask for the IP address 128.107.23.10?
    255.255.0.0

45
What are two characteristics of a MAC address? (Choose two.)
    It is displayed in HEX characters.
    It is a physical address.

46
Which three addresses belong to the category of private IP addresses? (Choose three.)
    10.0.0.1
    172.16.0.1
    192.168.31.19

47
Refer to the exhibit. A network technician is statically assigning an IP address to a PC. The default gateway is correct. What would be a valid IP address to assign to the host?
    128.107.255.1

48
What is an ISP?
    It is an organization that enables individuals and businesses to connect to the Internet.

49
Which attribute must be the same for wireless devices on one network to be able to communicate with devices on a different network?
    default gateway

50
Which statement accurately describes a recommended strategy for end users to employ when they interact with a help desk technician?
    Provide as much information about the problem as possible.

51
Refer to the exhibit. Which option correctly represents the encapsulation of a packet that is sent by Host1 to the web server?
(D)

52
Which Windows command is used to display the configured IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway?
    ipconfig

Membuat Blog Semudah Update Status FACEBOOK..................

2011-01-12T06:39:00.000-08:00

Pada posting kali ini saya akan membuatkan panduan cara membuat blog yang disediakan secara gratis oleh blogger.com. Mungkin atau pasti kamu pernah mendengar istilah blog atau webblog kan? blog tidak jauh berbeda dengan website. yang membedakan jika website hanyalah situs yang menyediakan informasi satu arah bagi pengunjungnya, sedangkan blog atau webblog menyediakan informasi secara dua arah, jadi para pengunjung bisa memberikan komentar tentang artikel atau content yang disediakan oleh pengelola blog itu, atau istilah lain Admin. Oh ya istilah lain dari blog adalah CMS jika dipanjangkan jadi Content Management Sistem. sedangkan orang yang mempunyai blog istilah nya blogger

sebenarnya saat ini ada dua layanan blog gratis yang sering digunakan oleh para bloger untuk ngeblog, yaitu blogspot (bloger) dan wordpress. Tapi kali ini saya akan memberikan panduan cara membuat blog dengan blogspot (blogger) saja. Alasan saya karena saya rasa cara membuat dan mengelola blog di bloger lebih mudah dibandingkan dengan di wordpress. Tapi satu saat ini saya usahakan akan membuat juga tentang panduan cara membuat blog di wordpress yang juga gratis tentunya.
oke lah… tanpa banyak berbasa basi lagi baca baaik-baik langkah-langkah cara membuat blog di bawah ini ya…
1. Yang harus kamu siapkan dan wajib sebelum membuat atau bikin blog di blogspot (blogger) adalah memiliki email terlebih dahulu. email ini nantinya digunakan untuk mendaftar pertama kali. jika belum bisa atau belum membuat email baca di sini (klik di sini), disitu sudah saya bahas tentang langkah membuat email. Tenang saja tidak usah terburu-buru. Baca dulu panduan ini sampai habis, kemudian baru dipraktekkan. oke
2. Jika sudah membuat email, bukalah alamat www.blogger.com, dan pastikan yang muncul adalah website seperti di bawah ini

kemudian klik gambar panah orange yang bertuliskan CIPTAKAN BLOG ANDA
3. Setelah itu akan muncul halaman seperti di bawah ini

pada kolom alamat email : masukan email kamu
ketik ulang alamat email : masukan lagi email yang sama seperti diatas
masukan sebuah paswod : isiakan kanta kunci (minimal 8 karakter, bisa huruf bisa angka)
ketikan ulang sandi : masukan lagi paswod yang telah kamu masukan sama dengan yang di atas
Nama tampilan : isi nama kamu atau nama alias kamu (ini akan tampil bersamaa dengan posting, artikel yang kamu buat)
verifikasi : masukkan gambar kata yang terdapat di atas kolom.
pada gambar di atas sudah saya sertakan contoh pengisiannya
jika sudah diisi semua lalu klik gambar panah orange (lanjutkan)
4. Kemudian akan muncul seperti ini

Isilah Judul Blog sesuai dengan keinginannmu
isi juga alamat blog sesuai dengan keinginanmu juga, jika alamatmu menggunakan 2 kata atau lebih. pisahlah dengan tanda titik ( . ) atau tanda ( – ). karena tidak bisa menggunakan spasi.
contoh pengisiannya seperti gambar ini
terkadang alamat blog yang kita tulis sudah pakai oleh orang lain, jika sudah dipakai orang lain berati tidak bisa digunakan. Untuk mengetahui sudah dipakai orang lain atau belum Klik saja link “cek ketersediaan” jika belum dipakai orang lain, maka di bawahnya akan muncul tulisan warna hijau yang bertuliskan Alamat blog ini tersedia

jika sudah klik menu lanjutkan
5. Setelah kamu klik menu lanjutkan.. akan muncul halaman seperti ini

itu adalah jendela disain template. untuk memilih tinggal klik salah satu. kemudian menu klik lanjutkan, maka yang muncul adalah gambar seperti ini

dengan begitu kamu telah selesai membuat suatu blog…. sekarang tinggal mengisi dengan artikel kamu saja..

6. okelah langsung saja kita belajar mengisi artikel… Kliklah tombol panah Mulai Blogging
maka akan muncul gambar seperti di bawah ini, gambar di bawah merupakan contoh pengisian artikel

Kolom judul untuk judul artikel
dalam kolom yang lebar di bawahnya itu untuk menulis artikel kamu
dan label untuk mengisi jenis kategory artikel.
jika sudah diisi semua kemudian tekan menu MEMPUBLIKASIKAN POSTING, jika muncul seperti ini

maka kamu telah berhasil membuat satu artikel, untuk melihatnya klik menu Lihat BLog
maka yang tampil akan seperti ini

jika sudah muncul seperti itu.. kamu berati telah selesai dan berhasil membuat posting
7. Suatu saat jika ingin memposting artikel baru lagi, kamu tidak perlu mendaftar lagi… tinggal buka https://www.blogger.com/start, kemudian
masukkan email kamu, dan paswod kamu saja, kemudian klik menu “masuk” maka kamu akan di bawa ke menu dashboard,

sesaat kemudian kamu akan masuk pada dasboard bloger kamu, di situ kamu bisa mengedit, membuat posting, ataupun mengatur setting blog kamu.

dan yang terakhir, agar akun blogger kamu bisa digunakan secara penuh, jangan lupa konfirmasi dulu aku bloger kamu. caranya cek email yang kamu gunakan untuk mendaftar, di situ akan terdapat satu buah email dari blogger berisi link konfirmasi. klik link tersebut, seperti gambar di bawah ini

setelah kamu klik link tersebut, kamu akan diarahkan ke halaman seperti gambar di bawah ini, menunjukkan akun blogger kamu sudah dikonfirmasi.

8. Oh iya jika kamu sudah mempunyai email di Gmail. kamu tida perlu mendaftar dari awal… tapi langsung saja masukkan alamat email gmail kamu dan paswod kamu, kemudian klik menu masuk.
jika menggunakan email dari Gmail, kamu tidak perlu memasukan paswod dan email lain ataupun capta kode lagi… tinggal masukkan nama tampilan saja
kelanjutan langkah-langkahnya sama dengan yang di atas….
sampai di sini dulu posting tentang langkah membuat blog di blogspot, semoga cukup mudah dipahami, jika kurang paham mohon maaf, dan bisa menuliskan komentar ada di bawah ini jika ada pertanyaan dan saran. terima kasih. dan selamat mencoba

copyright @ 2011 http://ridwanaz.com

Mengusut Sejarah Blogger

2011-01-12T06:35:00.000-08:00

Mengusut Sejarah Blogger

Media blog pertama kali dipopulerkan oleh Blogger.com, yang dimiliki oleh PyraLab sebelum akhirnya PyraLab diakuisi oleh Google.Com pada akhir tahun 2002 yang lalu. Semenjak itu, banyak terdapat aplikasi-aplikasi yang bersifat sumber terbuka yang diperuntukkan kepada perkembangan para penulis blog tersebut.

Blog mempunyai fungsi yang sangat beragam,dari sebuah catatan harian, media publikasi dalam sebuah kampanye politik, sampai dengan program-program media dan perusahaan-perusahaan. Sebagian blog dipelihara oleh seorang penulis tunggal, sementara sebagian lainnya oleh beberapa penulis, . Banyak juga weblog yang memiliki fasilitas interaksi dengan para pengunjungnya, seperti menggunakan buku tamu dan kolom komentar yang dapat memperkenankan para pengunjungnya untuk meninggalkan komentar atas isi dari tulisan yang dipublikasikan, namun demikian ada juga yang yang sebaliknya atau yang bersifat non-interaktif.

Situs-situs web yang saling berkaitan berkat weblog, atau secara total merupakan kumpulan weblog sering disebut sebagai blogosphere. Bilamana sebuah kumpulan gelombang aktivitas, informasi dan opini yang sangat besar berulang kali muncul untuk beberapa subyek atau sangat kontroversial terjadi dalam blogosphere, maka hal itu sering disebut sebagai blogstorm atau badai blog.
Komunitas Blogger

Komunitas blogger adalah sebuah ikatan yang terbentuk dari [para blogger] berdasarkan kesamaan-kesamaan tertentu, seperti kesamaan asal daerah, kesamaan kampus, kesamaan hobi, dan sebagainya. Para blogger yang tergabung dalam komunitas-komunitas blogger tersebut biasanya sering mengadakan kegiatan-kegiatan bersama-sama seperti kopi darat.

Untuk bisa bergabung di komunitas blogger, biasanya ada semacam syarat atau aturan yang harus dipenuhi untuk bisa masuk di komunitas tersebut, misalkan berasal dari daerah tertentu.
Jenis-jenis blog

* Blog politik: Tentang berita, politik, aktivis, dan semua persoalan berbasis blog (Seperti kampanye).

* Blog pribadi: Disebut juga buku harian online yang berisikan tentang pengalaman keseharian seseorang, keluhan, puisi atau syair, gagasan jahat, dan perbincangan teman.

* Blog bertopik: Blog yang membahas tentang sesuatu, dan fokus pada bahasan tertentu.

* Blog kesehatan: Lebih spesifik tentang kesehatan. Blog kesehatan kebanyakan berisi tentang keluhan pasien, berita kesehatan terbaru, keterangan-ketarangan tentang kesehatan, dll.

* Blog sastra: Lebih dikenal sebagai litblog (Literary blog).

* Blog perjalanan: Fokus pada bahasan cerita perjalanan yang menceritakan keterangan-keterangan tentang perjalanan/traveling.

* Blog riset: Persoalan tentang akademis seperti berita riset terbaru.

* Blog hukum: Persoalan tentang hukum atau urusan hukum; disebut juga dengan blawgs (Blog Laws).

* Blog media: Berfokus pada bahasan kebohongan atau ketidakkonsistensi media massa; biasanya hanya untuk koran atau jaringan televisi

* Blog agama: Membahas tentang agama

* Blog pendidikan: Biasanya ditulis oleh pelajar atau guru.

* Blog kebersamaan: Topik lebih spesifik ditulis oleh kelompok tertentu.

* Blog petunjuk (directory): Berisi ratusan link halaman website.

* Blog bisnis: Digunakan oleh pegawai atau wirausahawan untuk kegiatan promosi bisnis mereka

* Blog pengejawantahan: Fokus tentang objek diluar manusia; seperti anjing

* Blog pengganggu (spam): Digunakan untuk promosi bisnis affiliate; juga dikenal sebagai splogs (Spam Blog)

Budaya populer

Ngeblog (istilah bahasa Indonesia untuk blogging) harus dilakukan hampir setiap waktu untuk mengetahui eksistensi dari pemilik blog. Juga untuk mengetahui sejauh mana blog dirawat (mengganti template) atau menambah artikel. Sekarang ada lebih 10 juta blog yang bisa ditemukan di Internet.[rujukan?] Dan masih bisa berkembang lagi, karena saat ini ada banyak sekali software, tool, dan aplikasi Internet lain yang mempermudah para blogger (sebutan pemilik blog) untuk merawat blognya.selain merawat dan terus melakukan pembaharuan di blognya, para blogger yang tergolong baru pun masih sering melakukan blogwalking, yaitu aktivitas dimana para blogger meninggalkan link di blog atau situs orang lain seraya memberikan komentar. Beberapa blogger kini bahkan telah menjadikan blognya sebagai sumber pemasukan utama melalui program periklanan AdSense, posting berbayar, jualan link, afiliasi dan lain-lain. Sehingga kemudian muncullah istilah profesional blogger, atau problogger, orang yang menggantungkan hidupnya hanya dari aktivitas ngeblog.[rujukan?] karena memang faktanya banyak chanel-chanel pendapatan dana baik berupa dolar maupun rupiah dari aktivitas ngeblog ini.
Resiko kejahatan

Karena blog sering digunakan untuk menulis aktivitas sehari-hari yang terjadi pada penulisnya, ataupun merefleksikan pandangan-pandangan penulisnya tentang berbagai macam topik yang terjadi dan untuk berbagi informasi - blog menjadi sumber informasi bagi para hacker, pencuri identitas, mata-mata, dan lain sebagainya. Banyak berkas-berkas rahasia dan penulisan isu sensitif ditemukan dalam blog-blog. Hal ini berakibat dipecatnya seseorang dari pekerjaannya, diblokir aksesnya, didenda, dan bahkan ditangkap.

DHomesb Chapter 9 - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0)

2011-01-12T05:26:00.000-08:00

1
A technician is unsuccessful in establishing a console session between a PC and a Linksys integrated router. Both devices have power, and a cable is connected between them. Which two troubleshooting steps could help to diagnose this problem? (Choose two.)
#Ensure the correct cable is used.
#Ensure the link status LED on the integrated router is lit.

2
Identify two physical-layer network problems. (Choose two.)
#hardware failure
#loose cable connections

3
Only one workstation on a particular network cannot reach the Internet. What is the first troubleshooting step if the divide-and-conquer method is being used?
#Check the workstation TCP/IP configuration.

4
Which two troubleshooting techniques are suitable for both home networks and large corporate networks? (Choose two.)
#documenting the troubleshooting process
#keeping a record of system upgrades and software versions

5
What two items could be checked to verify connectivity between the router and the ISP? (Choose two.)
#router status page
#connectivity status as indicated by LEDs

6
When acting as a DHCP server, what three types of information can an ISR provide to a client? (Choose three.)
#default gateway
#dynamic IP address
#DNS server address

7
A customer called the cable company to report that the Internet connection is unstable. After trying several configuration changes, the technician decided to send the customer a new cable modem to try. What troubleshooting technique does this represent?
#substitution

8
Which troubleshooting method begins by examining cable connections and wiring issues?
#bottom-up

9
What command is used to determine the location of delay for a packet traversing the Internet?
#tracert

10
A technician suspects that a Linksys integrated router is the source of a network problem. While troubleshooting, the technician notices a blinking green activity LED on some of the ports. What does this indicate?
#The ports are operational and are receiving traffic.

11
Which three settings must match on the client and access point for a wireless connection to occur? (Choose three.)
#SSID
#authentication
#encryption key

12
What should a network administrator do first after receiving a call from a user who cannot access the company web server?
#Ask the user what URL has been typed and what error message displays.

13

Refer to the graphic. What configuration is incorrect in the network shown?
#The wired connection is the wrong type of cable.

14
A technician is troubleshooting a security breach on a new wireless access point. Which three configuration settings make it easy for hackers to gain access? (Choose three.)
#broadcasting the SSID
#using open authentication
#using the default internal IP address

15

Refer to the graphic. What configuration is incorrect in the network shown?
#The host IP address is incorrect.

16
Typically, help desk personnel assist end users in which two tasks? (Choose two.)
#identifying when the problem occurred
#implementing the solution to the problem

17
Network baselines should be performed in which two situations? (Choose two.)
#after the network is installed and running optimally
#after major changes are implemented on the network

18
Which two items should be added to the documentation following a troubleshooting event? (Choose two.)
#final resolution
#results of successful and unsuccessful troubleshooting steps

19
A PC is plugged into a switch and is unable to connect to the network. The UTP cable is suspected. What could be the problem?
#A crossover cable is being used.

20
Which ipconfig command requests IP configuration from a DHCP server?
#ipconfig /renew

21

Refer to the graphic. The wireless host cannot access the Internet, but the wired host can. What is the problem?
#The host WEP key is incorrect.

22
How does remote-access software help in the troubleshooting process?
#Diagnostics can be run without a technician being present at the site.

23
What command is used to determine if a DNS server is providing name resolution?
#nslookup

DHomesb Chapter 8 - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0)

2011-01-12T05:24:00.001-08:00

1
Identify three techniques used in social engineering. (Choose three.)
#vishing
#phishing
#pretexting

2
A flood of packets with invalid source-IP addresses requests a connection on the network. The server busily tries to respond, resulting in valid requests being ignored. What type of attack occurred?
#SYN flooding

3
While surfing the Internet, a user notices a box claiming a prize has been won. The user opens the box unaware that a program is being installed. An intruder now accesses the computer and retrieves personal information. What type of attack occurred?
#Trojan horse

4
What is a major characteristic of a Worm?
#exploits vulnerabilities with the intent of propagating itself across a network

5
During a pretexting event, how is a target typically contacted?
#by phone

6
What term is used to describe a dedicated hardware device that provides firewall services?
#appliance-based

7

Refer to the graphic. In the Linksys Security menu, what does the SPI Firewall Protection option Enabled provide?
#It requires that packets coming into the router be responses to internal host requests.

8
Many best practices exist for wired and wireless network security. The list below has one item that is not a best practice. Identify the recommendation that is not a best practice for wired and wireless security.
#Disable the wireless network when a vulnerability analysis is being performed.

9
What environment would be best suited for a two-firewall network design?
#a large corporate environment

10
Which statement is true about port forwarding within a Linksys integrated router?
#Only external traffic that is destined for specific internal ports is permitted. All other traffic is denied.

11
Which two statements are true concerning anti-spam software? (Choose two.)
#When anti-spam software is loaded, legitimate e-mail may be classified as spam by mistake.
#Even with anti-spam software installed, users should be careful when opening e-mail attachments.

12
What type of advertising is typically annoying and associated with a specific website that is being visited?
#popups

13
To which part of the network does the wireless access point part of a Linksys integrated router connect?
#internal

14
What statement is true about security configuration on a Linksys integrated router?
#Internet access can be denied for specific days and times.

15
Which abbreviation refers to an area of the network that is accessible by both internal, or trusted, as well as external, or untrusted, host devices?
#DMZ

16
Which statement is true regarding anti-virus software?
#Only after a virus is known can an anti-virus update be created for it.

17
What is one function that is provided by a vulnerability analysis tool?
#It identifies missing security updates on a computer.

18
What part of the security policy states what applications and usages are permitted or denied?
#acceptable use

19
What best practice relates to wireless access point security?
#a change of the default IP address

20
What is a widely distributed approach to marketing on the Internet that advertises to as many individual users as possible via IM or e-mail?
#spam

DHomesb Chapter 7 - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0)

2011-01-12T05:22:00.000-08:00

1
Complete the following sentence: WEP is used to ______ , and EAP is used to _____ wireless networks.
#encrypt; authenticate users on

2
What are three advantages of wireless over wired technology? (Choose three.)
#anytime, anywhere connectivity
#ease of adding additional devices

3
A technician has been asked to provide wireless connectivity to the wired Ethernet network of a building. Which three factors affect the number of access points needed? (Choose three.)
#the size of the building
#the number of solid interior walls in the building
#the presence of microwave ovens in several offices

4
Which statement is true concerning wireless bridges?
#connects two networks with a wireless link

5

Refer to the graphic. In the Wireless menu option of a Linksys integrated router, what does the Network Mode option Mixed mean?
#The router supports 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n devices.

6
Why is IEEE 802.11 wireless technology able to transmit further distances than Bluetooth technology?
#has higher power output

7
Which statement is true concerning an ad-hoc wireless network?
#created by connecting wireless clients in a peer-to-peer network

8
What is the difference between using open authentication and pre-shared keys?
#Pre-shared keys require an encrypted secret word. Open authentication does not require a secret word.

9
Which statement is true about open authentication when it is enabled on an access point?
#requires no authentication

10
Which WLAN component is commonly referred to as an STA?
#wireless client

11
Which two statements about a service set identifier (SSID) are true? (Choose two.)
#tells a wireless device to which WLAN it belongs
#all wireless devices on the same WLAN must have the same SSID

12
Why is security so important in wireless networks?
#Wireless networks broadcast data over a medium that allows easy access.

13
What term describes the encoding of wireless data to prevent intercepted data from being read by a hacker?
#encryption

14
What type of authentication do most access points use by default?
#Open

15
What are two authentication methods that an access point could use? (Choose two.)
#EAP
#pre-shared keys

16
What are two benefits of wireless networking over wired networking? (Choose two.)
#mobility
#reduced installation time

17

Refer to the graphic. In the Wireless menu of a Linksys integrated router, what configuration option allows the presence of the access point to be known to nearby clients?
#SSID Broadcast

18
What are the two WEP key lengths? (Choose two.)
#64 bit
#128 bit

19
Which two statements characterize wireless network security? (Choose two.)
#With SSID broadcast disabled, an attacker must know the SSID to connect.
#Using the default IP address on an access point makes hacking easier.

20
What does the Wi-Fi logo indicate about a wireless device?
#The device is interoperable with other devices of the same standard that also display the Wi-Fi logo.

21
What access-point feature allows a network administrator to define what type of data can enter the wireless network?
#traffic filtering

DHomesb Chapter 6 - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0)

2011-01-12T05:20:00.001-08:00

1
What is the correct order of the layers of the OSI reference model, starting at the lowest layer and working up the model?
   #physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, application

2
What three items are contained in an Ethernet header and trailer? (Choose three.)
    #source MAC address
    #destination MAC address
    #error-checking information

3
Which protocols are TCP/IP application layer protocols? (Choose two.)
    #FTP
    #SMTP

4
Refer to the graphic. Which protocol is used to access this website?
    #HTTP

5
What is an advantage of the use of layers in the OSI reference model?
    #It prevents changes in one layer from affecting other layers.

6
What term is used to describe how TCP/IP protocols are layered and interact to format, address, and transmit information across a network?
    #protocol stack

7
Whenever e-mail clients send letters, what device is used to translate the domain names into their associated IP addresses?
    #DNS server

8
An Internet server is running both FTP and HTTP services. How does the server know which of these applications should handle an incoming segment?
    #The segment destination port number identifies the application that should handle it.

9
You are creating a network-based video game. What influences your decision about which transport protocol to use for the application?
    #UDP will not disrupt the game to retransmit dropped packets.

10
Which port number is used by SMTP?
    #25

11
Which application is most likely used to translate www.cisco.com to 198.133.219.25?
    #DNS

12
Which of the following are layers of the TCP/IP model? (Choose three.)
    #Application
    #Internet
    #Network Access

13
Which protocol is used by e-mail servers to communicate with each other?
    #SMTP

14
What client software enables logged in users to communicate with other logged in users in real time?
    #instant messaging

15
What type of server would use IMAP?
    #e-mail

16
What resolves a website URL to an IP address?
    #DNS server

17
What information is contained in an IP header?
    #source and destination IP addresses

18
Which protocol is used by FTP to transfer files over the Internet?
    #TCP

19
A client has decoded a frame and started the de-encapsulation process. In which order does the de-encapsulation process occur?

    1) remove Ethernet header and trailer
    2) remove IP header
    3) remove TCP header
    4) pass data to the application



20
A device receives an Ethernet frame and recognizes the MAC address as its own. What does the device do to the message to get to the encapsulated data?
    #removes the Ethernet header and trailer

21
Cabling issues are associated with which OSI layer?
    #1

22
A network client in a corporate environment reboots. Which type of server would most likely be used first?
    #DNS

DHomesb Chapter 5 - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0)

2011-01-12T05:19:00.000-08:00

1
Which two statements describe packets that are sent through a Linksys integrated router using NAT? (Choose two.)
   #Packets that are sent to a destination outside the local network need to be translated.
   #Packets that are sent between hosts on the same local network do not need to be translated.

2
A PC obtains its IP address from a DHCP server. If the PC is taken off the network for repair, what happens to the IP address configuration?
   #The address is returned to the pool for reuse when the lease expires.

3
What is the destination MAC address in a multicast Ethernet frame?
    #an address that begins with 01-00-5E in hexadecimal

4
How many bits are available for Class B host IP addresses using a default subnet mask?
    #16

5
Which default subnet mask provides the most host bits?
    #255.0.0.0


6

Refer to the graphic. NAT and DHCP are installed on the Linksys integrated router. Which IP address is most likely to be assigned to the local computer, Host1?
    #10.0.0.17

7

Refer to the graphic. The host requests an IP configuration from the Linksys integrated router which is configured to provide DHCP services. In addition to the host IP address, which additional IP address is provided that will allow the host to access the ISP and the Internet?
    #internal IP address of the integrated router that connects to the local network

8

Refer to the graphic. A user at the workstation cannot connect to the server. All cables have been tested and are working and all devices have IP addressing. However, the user cannot ping the server. What is causing the problem?
    #The workstation and server are on different logical networks.

9
Which part of an IP address identifies a specific device on a network?
    #host portion

10
Which type of server dynamically assigns an IP address to a host?
    #DHCP

11
What is one of the purposes of NAT?
    #prevents external users from detecting the IP addresses used on a network

12
Assuming a default mask, which portion of the IP address 175.124.35.4 represents the host?
    #35.4

13
How large are IPv4 addresses?
    #32 bits

14
Which statement is true concerning private IP addresses?
    #solves the issue of a finite number of available public IP addresses

15
Yvonne is talking to her friend on the phone. What type of message is this?
    #unicast

16
Which of the following are private IP addresses? (Choose three.)
    #10.1.1.1
    #172.16.4.4
    #192.168.5.5

17
Which three statements describe a DHCP Discover message? (Choose three.)
    #The destination IP address is 255.255.255.255.
    #The message comes from a client seeking an IP address.
    #All hosts receive the message, but only a DHCP server replies.

18
What destination IP address is used in a unicast packet?
    #a specific host

19
How many usable hosts are available given a Class C IP address with the default subnet mask?
    #254

20
What information must be included within a unicast message for it to be delivered on an Ethernet network?
    #MAC and IP addresses that correspond to a specific destination host

21
A host with the IP address 172.32.65.13 and a default mask belongs to what network?
    #172.32.0.0

DHomesb Chapter 4 - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0)

2011-01-12T05:17:00.000-08:00

1
Which definition describes the term Internet?
#a network of networks that connects countries around the world

2
What type of connection point is a point of presence (POP)?
#between an ISP and a home-based LAN

3
What is the term for the group of high-speed data links that interconnect ISPs?
#Internet backbone

4
What are three characteristics of business class ISP service? (Choose three.)
# fast connections
# extra web space
# additional e-mail accounts

5
What does the tracert command test?
#the network path to a destination

6
What is a major characteristic of asymmetric Internet service?
#Upload speeds and download speeds are different.

7
Which three elements are required to successfully connect to the Internet? (Choose three.)
#an IP address
#a network connection
#access to an Internet service provider

8
Which two places are most appropriate to use UTP cabling? (Choose two.)
# in a home office network
# inside a school building

9
Which device can act as a router, switch, and wireless access point in one package?
#ISR

10
What type of end-user connectivity requires that an ISP have a DSLAM device in their network?
#digital subscriber line technology

11
Why would an ISP require a CMTS device on their network?
#to connect end users using cable technology

12

Refer to the graphic. What type of cabling is shown?
#fiber

13

Refer to the graphic. What type of cabling is shown?
#UTP

14
Which two characteristics describe copper patch panels? (Choose two.)
#uses RJ-45 jacks
#allows quick rearrangements of network connections

15
What term describes each router through which a packet travels when moving between source and destination networks?
#hop

16
What does adherence to cabling standards ensure?
# reliable data communications

17
What connector is used to terminate Ethernet unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cabling?
# RJ-45

18
Refer to the graphic. What type of cable is shown?
#crossover

19
What are two advantages of cable management? (Choose two.)
#aids in isolation of cabling problems
#protects cables from physical damage

20
What are two common causes of signal degradation when using UTP cabling? (Choose two.)
#having improper termination
#using low quality cables or connectors

21
What are three commonly followed standards for constructing and installing cabling? (Choose three.)
#pinouts
#cable lengths
#connector types

DHomesb Chapter 3 - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0)

2010-10-08T20:59:00.001-07:00

Which two statements concerning networking standards are true? (Choose two.)

#provides consistent interconnections across networks

#simplifies new product development

Which two items are included in a network logical map? (Choose two.)

#naming scheme

#IP addressing scheme

What is a reason for disabling simple file sharing?

#It enables the user to set more specific security access levels.

Which address does an NIC use when deciding whether to accept a frame?

#destination MAC address

If the default gateway is configured incorrectly on the host, what is the impact on communications?

#The host can communicate with other hosts on the local network, but is unable to communicate with hosts on remote networks.

Refer to the graphic. What does the router do after it determines that a data packet from Network 1 should be forwarded to Network 2?

#It reassembles the frame with different MAC addresses than the original frame.

What is the function of the FCS field in an Ethernet frame?

#detects transmission errors

Host A needs to learn the MAC address of Host B, which is on the same LAN segment. A message has been sent to all the hosts on the segment asking for the MAC address of Host B. Host B responds with its MAC address and all other hosts disregard the request. What protocol was used in this scenario?

#ARP

What is a benefit of having a router within the distribution layer?

#keeps broadcasts contained within a local network

Which term is used to describe the process of placing one message format into another format so that the message can be delivered across the appropriate medium?

#encapsulation

Which table does a router use to make decisions about the interface through which a data packet is to be sent?

#routing table

Which two networking devices are used to connect hosts to the access layer? (Choose two.)

#hub

#switch

What does the 100 mean when referencing the 100BASE-T Ethernet standard?

#speed of transmission

What device is typically used as the default gateway for a computer?

#the router interface closest to the computer

Refer to the graphic. Five PCs are connected through a hub. If host H1 wants to reply to a message from host H2, which statement is true?

#H1 sends a unicast message to H2, but the hub forwards it to all devices.

Which type of address is used in an Ethernet frame header?

#MAC addresses only

A switch receives a frame with a destination MAC address that is currently not in the MAC table. What action does the switch perform?

#It floods the frame out of all active ports, except the origination port.

Which device accepts a message on one port and always forwards the message to all other ports?

#hub

What type of route allows a router to forward packets even though its routing table contains no specific route to the destination network?

#default route

An integrated router can normally perform the functions of which two other network devices? (Choose two.)

#switch

#wireless access point

What is the purpose of logical addresses in an IP network?

#They are used to determine which host device accepts the frame.

DHomesb Chapter 2 - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0)

2010-10-04T20:44:00.000-07:00

1
Which method of interacting with an operating system involves typing commands at a command prompt?
    #CLI

2
What occurs when computers are configured to receive their network configurations dynamically?
    #Each computer requests configuration information from a server.

3
An operating system is severely damaged. All data on the partition needs to be deleted, and all application software must be reinstalled. Which installation method should be used to correct the problem?
    #clean install

4
Which Windows file system is more likely to be used in an enterprise-level environment?
    #NTFS

5
What are two ways that a user can interact with an operating system shell? (Choose two.)
    #CLI
    #GUI

6
Windows XP has a known problem with specific Intel processors. What is the best course of action to take in this situation?
    #Download and install the Windows patch that fixes this problem.

7
The Lesson TaskMaster application from ChalkBoard has a problem. Every time the software is installed and loaded on a Windows XP-based Dell computer, and the moment something is typed followed by a tab, two tabs are inserted instead of one. What would be the best solution to this problem?
    #Download, install, and apply a patch from ChalkBoard.

8
Which two statements are true about drive partitions? (Choose two.)
    #Partitions are necessary in multi-boot installations.
    #A hard drive can be divided into an operating system partition and a data partition.

9
What is the purpose of a default gateway?
    #identifies the device that allows local network computers to communicate with devices on other networks

10
What Explorer menu option is used to determine the Windows XP version installed on a computer?
    #Help

11
Which three resource specifications are given by the manufacturer to ensure that an operating system performs as designed? (Choose three.)
    #required hard disk space
    #processor type and speed
    #recommended amount of RAM

12
Which three pieces of information must be specified on a computer to allow that computer to send and receive information across networks? (Choose three.)
    #IP address
    #subnet mask
    #default gateway

13
Which Windows XP Automatic Update option allows you to select the time when a Windows update is executed?
    #Automatic (recommended).

14
Which two items must be unique to each computer and cannot be duplicated on a network? (Choose two.)
    #computer name
    #IP address

15
Which two statements should be included in a pre-installation checklist when upgrading an operating system? (Choose two.)
    #Verify that the hardware resources meet or exceed the published minimum requirements.
    #Complete a full backup of all important files and data.

16
What two items are available from the About Windows option through the Windows Explorer Help menu? (Choose two.)
    #the end-user license agreement
    #the operating system version number

17
What are three characteristics of an operating system that is released under the GPL (GNU Public License)? (Choose three.)
    #full access to source code
    #software often available free
    #support normally user-based and often free

18
Which statement is true about installing an operating system on computers in a networked environment?
    #The computer name must be unique for all computers on the same network.

19
A computer in the Advanced Technology Center computer room on the second floor, room number 217, has the computer name ATC_217_7. What fact is true about the computer name?
    #The name makes it easier for users to reference the device when connecting to it to share resources.

20
Which operating system patch installation method is used when a user is notified of a security update for remotely accessing a computer, but wishes not to install this patch?
    #prompt for permission

DHomesb Chapter 1 - CCNA Discovery: Networking for Home and Small Businesses (Version 4.0)

2010-10-04T01:18:00.000-07:00

1
Which adapter enables a computer system to exchange information with other systems on a local network?
    #network interface card

2
What measurement is commonly associated with computer processing speed?
    #hertz

3
Which computer component is considered the nerve center of the computer system and is responsible for processing all of the data within the machine?
    #CPU

4
Why do servers often contain duplicate or redundant parts?
    #Servers should be accessible at all times.

5
What are two benefits of connecting a laptop computer to a docking station? (Choose two.)
    #Less power is required.
    #An external monitor can be used.

6
What characteristic of word processing software would make it a local application?
    #The software is stored on the local hard drive.

7
A user plans to run multiple applications simultaneously on a computer. Which computer component is essential to accomplish this?
    #RAM

8
What are two advantages of purchasing a preassembled computer? (Choose two.)
    #usually a lower cost
    #adequate for performing most general applications

9
Applications can be grouped into general use software or industry specific software. What are two examples of industry specific software? (Choose two.)
    #an educational tool
    #medical practice management software

10
What is the main storage drive used by servers, desktops, and laptops?
    #hard drive

11
A user reports that a peripheral device that was installed correctly last week has not been functioning since the PC was booted today. All other PC functions are working properly. What are three things a service technician should do to solve the problem? (Choose three.)
    #Use the testing functionality on the peripheral itself, if available.
    #Disconnect all cables connected to the computer except those connected to the peripheral.
    #Ensure that the peripheral is powered on.

12
What two functions does a UPS provide that a surge protector does not? (Choose two.)
    #It provides backup power from an internal battery.
    #It gives the user time to safely shut down the computer if the power fails.

13
Which component is designed to remove high-voltage spikes and surges from a power line so that they do not damage a computer system?
    #surge suppressor

14
Because of the potentially dangerous voltage levels, which two devices should you not open unless you have been specifically trained to work on them? (Choose two.)
    #monitor
    #power supply

15
What can be used to prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD)?
    #dry and non humid conditions

16
How many unique values are possible using a single binary digit?
    #2

17
Administrators at a multicampus college need access to their schedules wherever the administrators go. Which computing device would be the most appropriate?
    #PDA

18
Which two steps should be performed when installing a peripheral device? (Choose two.)
    #Download and install the most current driver.
    #Connect the peripheral using an appropriate cable or wireless connection.

19
How is a server different from a workstation computer?
    #The server provides services to clients.

20
Which three terms describe different types of computers? (Choose three.)
    #laptop
    #desktop
    #mainframe

21
In newer operating systems, how are system resources assigned by default when components are installed?
    #dynamically assigned between the component and the operating system

Chapter 16 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-28T20:00:00.000-07:00

1
A computer user cannot access the Internet. A technician, attempting to resolve the problem, can ping the proxy server, but Internet access is still denied. What is the problem?
    #The computer browser proxy server settings are wrong.

2
What are two features of Windows Vista Backup? (Choose two.)
    #The backup files can be saved to another connected computer or server.
    #The backup files have an extension of .bkf and a maximum uncompressed file size of 200 MB.

3
On a computer in the lab, a student can access e-mail. However, from a laptop that is owned by the student, the wireless connection to the e-mail server fails. What is the problem?
    #Windows Firewall is blocking the port that is used by the e-mail application.

4
A network administrator has noticed that users without administrative rights are installing unauthorized applications on the Windows Vista computers. What could the administrator do to prevent the installation of these applications?
    #Reinstall the operating system and use the 64-bit version.

5
Windows XP should be updated on a regular basis. In which situation should automatic updates be disabled?
    #Users accessing the network using a dial-up connection need to control when the updates are downloaded and installed.

6
Which encryption technology provides secure tunnels?
    #VPN

7
A network technician has received several reports regarding missing and corrupted information on a company file server. Which course of action can the technician use to investigate any unauthorized network access?
    #Audit the event logs on the server to check for unauthorized network access.

8
A business has a policy to automatically update and run the antivirus software on all computers each day. When is the best time to perform this security maintenance?
    #when the computers are not being used

9
Refer to the exhibit. Which Firewall Settings tab would be used to allow an FTP connection through a Vista-based computer?
    #Advanced

10
Which simple wireless configuration technique can make the network invisible to unauthorized users?
    #Disable SSID broadcasting.

11
Which two file-level permissions allow a user to delete a file? (Choose two.)

    #modify
    #full control

12
Which two characteristics of network traffic are being monitored if a network technician configures the company firewall to operate as a packet filter? (Choose two.)
    #ports
    #protocols

13
Port triggering has been configured on a wireless router. Port 25 has been defined as the trigger port and port 113 as an open port. What effect does this have on network traffic?
    #All traffic that is sent out port 25 will open port 113 to allow inbound traffic into the internal network through port 113.

14
Which Windows XP command initiates a backup from the command line?
    #ntbackup
    #zip

15
Which two advantages are attributed to a hardware firewall when compared to a software firewall? (Choose two.)
    #It does not impact the processing performance of the equipment it protects.
    #It is designed to protect more than one computer.

16
What is the result of changing the default username and password on a wireless access point?
    #It reduces the chance of someone accessing the device and changing settings.

17
A technician has been asked to format the drives of several Windows XP computers with a file system that can use file-level permissions to secure confidential information. Which file system should be used by the technician?
    #NTFS

18
After a technician collects information from the computer, which two sources can provide the technician with possible solutions for various types of network-related problems? (Choose two.)
    #the manufacturer FAQ for network devices
    #technical websites

19
What is the default setting for Windows XP operating system updates?
    #automatic

20
On a Windows Vista computer, which CLI command is used to repair the master boot record that has been damaged by a virus?
    #bootrec.exe/fixmbr

21
A user reports that the antivirus software on a computer is always turned off when the computer is restarted, despite being reactivated each time the computer starts up. Further investigation by the technician shows that the Internet browser also displays an incorrect homepage. What is the probable cause of these problems?
    #The computer has been infected with spyware.

22
Which three physical security measures are employed to prevent security breaches and loss of data? (Choose three.)
    #conduit
    #card key
    #security guard

23
The ABC Company network designers are designing the new corporate WiFi network. Which two precautions should be implemented because of security concerns with wireless networks? (Choose two.)
    #Disable broadcast of the SSID.
    #Configure WPA on access points.

24
A student has a Windows XP laptop firewall set with the Don't Allow Exceptions option enabled. What is the consequence of setting this option?
    #No applications on an outside network are allowed access to the laptop.

25
Which method can a technician use to make sure that only specific computers connect to a wireless router?
    #MAC address filtering

26
A network administrator has moved encrypted files from one computer to another computer on the network and now the files are not encrypted. What does the administrator need to do to correct the problem?
    #Convert the destination computer partition to NTFS.

27
A network administrator is trying to allow everyone access to a data folder while limiting access to individual subfolders to individuals. The administrator is having problems with all users being able to view and edit all files and folders. What should the administrator look at to solve the problem?
    #Check to see if the subfolders have inherited rights from the main folder.

28
Which data security technology takes the form of an object which must be close to a computer before the user can successfully submit a username and password?
    #security key fob

29
A network administrator is trying to change the account name of a user but cannot make the changes. What could be a possible cause?
    #The administrator does not have the correct permissions to make the change.

Chapter 15 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-28T19:59:00.000-07:00

1
Which two hazards exist when working with fiber optic cabling? (Choose two.)
    #chemicals
    #glass splinters

2
Which safety precaution should be used when working with any type of cable?
    #Wear safety glasses when working any type of cable.

3
ABC Computer Company is in the process of planning a network for a new client. A network technician has been asked to perform a physical inspection of the facilities to determine the flow of data and protocols required by the client. What is this inspection called?
    #site survey

4
Which protocol provides secure transport of data from the company web server to remote users?
    #HTTPS

5
When planning the network in a new building, the technician notes that the company requires cabling that can extend up to 295 ft (90 m) with enhanced bandwidth support at an affordable price. Which cable type will the technician pick if he chooses the most common type of cabling used on networks?
    #Cat5e

6
The network technician is researching the best way to connect the branch offices to the main office. What are three main considerations that the technician should remember when choosing an Internet connection? (Choose three.)
    #availability
    #reliability
    #speed

7
Students on the college network need to be able to view folder names and data in files stored on the Windows-based file server, but should never be allowed to add or save information on the server. Occasionally, the students also need to run media programs to watch videos stored on the server. Which permission should the network technician assign to the students accessing the file server?
    #read

8
While using nslookup, a student sees the following message: "Can’t find server name for address 127.0.0.0: timed out." What is one possible problem?
    #The computer does not have at least one entry for a DNS server configured.

9
The network administrator has physically installed wireless NICs in three new computers. Which two additional steps will complete the installation process? (Choose two.)
    #Configure the device drivers.
    #Configure the NICs with addressing information.

10
After booting a computer running Windows 2000, the following message displays: "The IP address already exists on another computer". Which two steps will quickly obtain a new IP address from the DHCP server? (Choose two.)
    #run ipconfig /release
    #run ipconfig /renew

11
Which two ipconfig parameters are used within Windows XP to remove and assign the IP address previously provided by a DHCP server? (Choose two.)
    #release
    #renew

12
Which three ports are used by SMTP, POP, and IMAP? (Choose three.)
    #25
    #110
    #143

13
What is the purpose of an analog telephone adapter in the application of VoIP services?
    #to connect a standard analog telephone to the IP network

14
Refer to the exhibit. The tracert command was used on the local computer to verify connectivity with a remote site. Which type of address is shown in the highlighted line of the tracert command output displayed in the exhibit?
    #default gateway for the local computer

15
What are two ways to assign an IP address to a wireless NIC? (Choose two.)
    #Assign a static address.
    #Use DHCP.

16
In Internet Explorer, after choosing Tools and then Internet Options, which tab would a user select to set the browser to prompt before downloading potentially unsafe content?
    #Security

17
What would be a disadvantage of configuring a wireless router or access point to operate only in accordance with the 802.11n protocol standard?
    #Older, legacy wireless devices may be unable to connect to the wireless network.

18
Which two methods can be used to connect IP phones to a network? (Choose two.)
    #Connect the IP phone to the Ethernet LAN using an RJ-45 connector.
    #Establish an Internet connection then use an Analog Telephone Adapter.

19
A company adds a few refurbished computers to a network. The company finds, however, that the refurbished computers perform significantly worse than the original networked computers performed with applications that require the transfer of data over the network. What should the company technicians do?
    #Check if the network interface cards in the computers are limited to 10 Mb/s.

20
A textbook author needs to upload a chapter from a home computer to the FTP server of the publisher. The author uses the correct username and password, but the transfer fails. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
    #The chapter document must be compressed before transmitting to an FTP server.

21
The network technician has been asked to share a new printer on the network using the Add Printer wizard for Windows XP. Which path should the technician use to run the Add Printer wizard?
    #Start > Control Panel > Printers and Faxes > File > Add Printer

22
While troubleshooting a computer, the technician releases and renews the IP address. A message appears: "No operation can be performed on the adapter while its media is disconnected." What is a probable cause of the message?
    #The network cable is unplugged.

23
A new employee needs to transfer files to the corporate FTP server. However, the employee is unable to log in to the FTP server. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
    #The employee is using an incorrect username or password.

24
A technician is configuring a network device for remote access. Which protocol is commonly used as a secure alternative to Telnet?
    #SSH

25
A computer user cannot access a bank using HTTPS. What is one recommended solution?
    #Enable SSL through the web browser application.

26
Which action should a user take to ensure that personal information that is entered into a website form is not retained on the computer?
    #Delete the temporary Internet files.

27
A technician is troubleshooting a network and finds hosts with duplicate static IP addresses. Which protocol could be used to resolve this issue?
    #DHCP

28
A technician is working on a host computer that fails to obtain an IP address. Which three actions could the technician perform to determine the cause of the problem? (Choose three.)
    #Check the DNS server to ensure that it is operating correctly.
    #Check that the DCHP server is operational.
    #Check the PC firewall settings to make sure that DHCP is allowed.

29
A user is receiving e-mail on a regular basis from a particular person. A problem occurs when the e-mail from this same person contains an attachment. What is one solution?
    #Ask the IT department to permit port 25 through the firewall.

30
What are two possible causes of e-mail attachments not being received with e-mail messages? (Choose two.)
    #The firewall could be blocking port 21, with the result that attachments cannot get through.
    #The e-mail server could not be receiving e-mail messages that are using POP.

Chapter 14 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-28T19:57:00.001-07:00

1
Which two printer parts should be cleaned with a damp cloth? (Choose two.)
   #roller surfaces in dot matrix printers
   #print head in inkjet printers

2
Which Windows component allows the Windows operating system to output graphics to a computer screen or print device?
   #GDI

3
Which type of port is used for low-speed dot matrix printers?
   #Serial

4
Which two parts, one in a laser printer and one in a dot matrix printer, should be allowed to cool before attempting any repairs? (Choose two.)
   #fuser assembly
   #print head

5
Which two methods are often used to connect a lower-cost printer to a Windows XP network? (Choose two.)
   #Use a separate print server.
   #Connect to a networked computer and share the printer.

6
Which two items can help extend the life of an inkjet printer? (Choose two.)
   type of ink
   paper type

7
A user reports that whenever he needs to print a document, the print job process is automatically sent to the wrong network printer. Which path should the user follow to resolve this problem in Windows XP?
   #Start > Control Panel > Printers and Faxes, right-click the printer, and then select Set as Default Printer

8
What two solutions would fix the problem that occurs when every page that is printed by a laser printer produces lines or streaks? (Choose two.)
   #Replace the drum.
   #Use the cleaning utility to clean the cartridge nozzles.

9
Which path will allow a user to add a printer in Windows XP?
   #Start > Control Panel > Printers and Faxes > Add a Printer

10
What could be a result of printing with paper that has become damp because of high humidity?
   #Paper jams are more frequent.

11
Which scanner option considerably affects the size of the output file?
   #resolution settings

12
Users in the accounting department are having trouble digitizing documents with a scanner. What should the technician do to resolve the problem?
   #Calibrate the scanner.

13
Which two pieces of software are included with most new printers and are installed by the user? (Choose two.)
   #configuration software
   #printer driver

14
Which type of printing option should be implemented to allow a user to change settings for each document sent to the printer?
   #per-document

15
Which two issues should be considered when purchasing RAM for a new printer? (Choose two.)
   physical type of memory
   number of memory slots available

16
A technician is installing network printer software and drivers on a Windows Vista computer. At the Select a Printer stage the technician wants to install a printer that is not listed. Which two methods are available to identify and select the required printer? (Choose two.)
   #name
   #IP address

17
As a part of the maintenance process for a laser printer, a technician should remove all the small particles of toner inside the printer. What is the recommended method to perform this task?
   #Use a vacuum cleaner with HEPA filtration.

18
Users working in humid environments notice that documents printed by a laser printer are of poor quality. It is discovered that the printer is unable to attach toner to the paper. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
   #The paper absorbed moisture from the air and is damp.

19
A technician has completed the routine maintenance service for all the printers in the accounting department. Which action helps ensure that the next routine maintenance service is performed at the correct time?
   #Reset the counters.

20
A technician is installing a new inkjet printer. The printer has successfully printed test pages. Which task also verifies the functionality of an inkjet printer after installing the printer driver?
   #using different types of paper trays for special paper sizes

Chapter 13 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-28T19:56:00.000-07:00

1
Which portable connection provides the user with the possibility of high-speed Internet connectivity?
    #cellular

2
Which standard does Bluetooth incorporate to reduce the chance of interference when multiple Bluetooth devices are present?
    #IrDA

3
What wireless technology has a range limited to 3 feet (1 m) and cannot penetrate ceilings and walls?
    #infrared

4
Which wireless technology is a low-power, short-range technology that uses LEDs to transmit data and uses photodiodes to receive data?
    #infrared

5
Some keys on a laptop work intermittently. They sometimes type the letter and sometimes do not. What should a technician do to fix this problem?
    #Clean the keyboard.

6
A student unpacks a new laptop, attaches the AC adapter, and powers it up. However, the laptop power LED is off. What is the probable cause of the problem?
    #The AC adapter is not securely connected.

7

Refer to the exhibit. Which type of connection is being established between the PDA and the infrared keyboard?
    #line-of-sight

8
A technician is working on a laptop that has excessive hard drive activity. Which two actions can the technician take to resolve the problem? (Choose two.)
    #Delete files and programs on the hard drive.
    #Replace the laptop hard drive.

9
What are two steps a technician should take before repairing a laptop? (Choose two.)
    #Backup all data stored on the laptop.
    #Check the warranty to see if repairs must be done by an authorized service center.

10
A laptop that worked fine previously now fails to emit sound. A technician finds that the sound is still enabled through the control panel. What could be causing the problem?
    #The sound could have been disabled through a slide switch commonly located below the sound port.

11
Which wireless technology offers a maximum data rate of 540 Mbps?
    #802.11n

12
Which two sources can be used to determine the amount of currently installed RAM on a computer? (Choose two.)
    #Administrative Tools utility
    #System Properties dialog box

13
The design department recently doubled the RAM capacity in all of the laptops. After the upgrade, the laptop users reported experiencing improved performance. Which operational benefit have the users noticed after the RAM increase?
    #The hard disk swap file is read less frequently.

14
A laptop that previously worked now fails to boot. The cursor fails to appear on the screen. When a bootable DVD is inserted, the system still fails to boot even though it is set to boot from CD/DVD. The fan turns, so power is applied and the power light is on. The technician installs the hard drive in another laptop and it works there. What is the probable cause of the problem?
    #The CD/DVD drive has failed.

15
Which two types of batteries should be completely discharged and then fully recharged to remove the charge memory? (Choose two.)
    #Ni-Cad
    #NiMH

16
Which attribute of a solid state drive would be an advantage when being used in a laptop?
    #Solid state drives reduce power usage.

17
A laptop fails to start after a new hard drive has been installed. What are two possible causes of this problem? (Choose two.)
    #The hard drive was not connected properly.
    #The BIOS does not recognize the new hard drive.

18
Which Wi-fi standard uses the 5.0 GHz frequency band?
    #802.11a

19
Which type of infrared network bounces the signal off ceilings and walls?
    #scatter

20
Which two types of ports can be used to attach an external hard drive to a laptop computer? (Choose two.)
    #USB
    #Firewire

21
Manufacturers often offer devices in two versions, one with all the necessary manuals and drivers and one without. Which two names are given to these versions? (Choose two.)
    #OEM
    #retail

22
Which three standard procedures must always be included in a preventive maintenance schedule? (Choose three.)
    #physical cleaning
    #hard drive maintenance
    #software updates

23
Which IEEE 802.11 standard uses only 5 GHz technology?
    #802.11a

24
The accounting department has received a new laser printer. According to the printer technical specification, the printer complies with the Bluetooth Class 2 specification. What is the maximum distance that any device could be expected to successfully send print jobs?
    #33 ft (10 m)
    #100 ft (30 m)

25
Why should care be taken when charging and handling a laptop battery?
    #Laptop batteries can explode if mishandled or improperly charged.

26
Which two methods can be used to provide security for a Bluetooth connection? (Choose two.)
    #PIN authentication
    #Service Set Identifier (SSID)

27
Which type of encryption key should be enabled on WPA-compliant devices?
    #128-bit

28
Which three laptop components should be cleaned during routine maintenance? (Choose three.)
    #exterior case
    #cooling vents
    #keyboard

29
A laptop will only work on AC power. What should be done to fix the problem?
    #Replace the battery.

Chapter 12 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-25T23:48:00.001-07:00

1
Which virtual memory attribute is the only one a technician should change?
    #location

2
Which Windows XP utility is used to partition and format hard drives?
    #Disk Management

3
A technician boots a Windows XP computer that has an incorrect driver loaded for the video adapter card. How can the technician revert to a previous driver?
    #Select the video adapter card in Device Manager, select the Driver tab, and click Roll back driver from Properties.

4
A user wishes to dual boot Windows XP and Windows Vista on a computer with a single hard drive. Which advice should the technician provide the user?
    #It is necessary to create a second partition and install Vista into the second partition.

5
A technician is setting up an e-mail client for a customer. Which two protocols can the technician select to retrieve e-mails from the e-mail server? (Choose two.)
    #IMAP
    #POP

6
What are two reasons for creating two partitions? (Choose two.)
    #separate data files and operating system
    #allow the computer to be dual booted

7
Which information is backed up when a restore point is created?
    #system and Registry information only

8
What is a common cause of the Invalid Boot Disk error?
    #There is a non-bootable floppy disk in the floppy drive.

9
A technician is having trouble repairing a difficult Windows XP problem. The usual quick-fix solutions did not work and there are no obvious clues found in either Device Manager or Event Viewer. What two actions should the technician try next? (Choose two.)
    #Check any manuals relating to the hardware and software.
    #Check the Internet for possible solutions.

10
Which action should be taken to start the defragment utility when using the Windows XP Category View?
    #Double-click My Computer, right-click the disk to defragment, and choose Properties > Tools > Defragment Now.

11
In Windows XP which file determines the prompt that a user sees during the boot process when multiple operating systems are present?
    #BOOT.INI

12
Which action configures Windows Explorer to display file extensions?
    #Choose Start > Control Panel > Folder Options > View, uncheck the Hide extensions for known file types check box.

13
A video-file editor defragments the hard drive on his computer every month to ensure continuing optimal performance. How can the editor ensure that the defragmentation occurs every month?
    #Add Defrag to Scheduled Tasks in System Tools.

14
Which two pieces of information are required when configuring Automatic Updates for Windows XP? (Choose two.)
    #day
    #time

15
When configuring Windows XP, which setting configures a service to run every time a computer is started?
    #automatic

16
Which two locations are commonly used in Windows for temporary files? (Choose two.)
    #C:\temp
    #C:\Windows\temp

17
What is the most common cause of blue screen errors?
    #device driver errors

18
A user has observed that the performance of the hard disk has degraded over time. What is the first thing a user should do to improve performance?
    #Defragment the hard disk.

19
Which Windows XP Professional installation uses a Sysprep file?
    #image-based installation

20
What is a feature that Internet browsers provide to improve performance when accessing recently visited websites?
    #caching recently accessed pages

21
While attempting to run an application, a user receives an error message indicating that a required RPC service is unavailable. The user determined that the RPC server is functioning properly. Which action should be tried next by the user?
    #Restart the service.

Chapter 11 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-25T23:36:00.000-07:00

1
A customer is interested in video editing and has purchased a FireWire hard drive for storage of videos. However, no FireWire ports are available on the motherboard. What type of adapter will the customer be interested in obtaining?
    #eSATA

2
A motherboard has a 64-bit bus. What does this mean?
    #The processor can handle multiple sections 64 bits at a time.

3
A technician fails to successfully boot a computer into Safe Mode. The technician then successfully boots the computer using a Windows boot disk. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
    #hard drive failure

4
What is the purpose of the copper or aluminum between a processor and the fan on a computer motherboard?
    #It conducts heat from the processor so that the fan can disperse the heat.

5
You are monitoring a new technician installing a device driver on a Windows-based PC. The technician asks why the company requires the use of signed drivers. What would be the best response to give?
    #A signed driver has passed Microsoft's quality lab test and prevents a system from being compromised.

6
A new sound card has just been installed, but no sound reaches the speakers. What are two common solutions a technician might implement? (Choose two.)
    #Connect the speakers to the correct port.
    #Unmute the sound through the operating system.

7
A computer system keeps losing the date and time or requesting to go into the Setup program during the boot process. What are two possible solutions? (Choose two.)
    #Replace the motherboard battery.
    #Verify that the motherboard battery is secure.

8
A technician is helping a client select additional RAM for a computer. Which three items should be considered when updating RAM? (Choose three.)
    #The memory must be compatible with the motherboard.
    #The new memory must be the same type as the memory already present.
    #The speed of the new memory must be the same or faster than the existing memory.

9
Which two problems are caused by inadequate CPU cooling and ventilation? (Choose two.)
    #The computer does not boot.
    #The computer clock no longer keeps the correct time.

10
What manufacturing process makes a multicore processor operate faster than a single-core processor on the same motherboard?
    #The multicore processors are designed with lower Level 2 caches on the chip, and they make better use of the cache on the motherboard.

11
On what media is information stored when an SSD is installed?
    #static RAM

12
A motherboard flash BIOS has been updated. After the update, the computer restarts, but does not boot. The technician examines the motherboard documentation and discovers the motherboard has only one BIOS chip. What will the technician have to do to fix this problem?
    #Obtain a replacement BIOS chip.

13
Which two motherboard features must be compatible when selecting a new CPU? (Choose two.)
    #chip set
    #socket type

14
A technician begins gathering data from a customer by asking open-ended questions. Which question is a proper open-ended question?
    #Were any recent updates performed?
    #What happens when the PC is powered on?

15
A customer needs help selecting a new power supply for an existing computer. Which two questions should a salesperson ask to help the customer? (Choose two.)
    #What is the size of the case, and which type of motherboard is in the computer?
    #Which components are currently being used on the computer, and what new components may be added to the computer?

16
Which three computer system capabilities should a technician consider when installing a video capture card? (Choose three.)
    #processor speed
    #amount of RAM
    #VGA adapter specification

17
A technician is upgrading a computer motherboard and has successfully replaced a single core CPU with a dual core CPU. What should be checked to ensure that the dual core CPU now operates correctly?
    #Ensure that the front-side bus settings match the speed of each CPU core.

18
When testing the 6-pin PCIe connector with a multimeter, what should the voltage read?
    #12 V

19
Which tool would be the best to use to test the voltage output on every pin of a SATA connector?
    #multimeter

20
A technician needs to retrieve a DVD from an optical drive that is jammed and fails to open. What is the best method the technician could use to retrieve the DVD?
    #Insert a pin in the small hole next to the eject button.

21
What are two probable causes of a computer failing to recognize a newly installed storage device? (Choose two.)
    #The front side bus speed is set too high.
    #The device jumpers are set incorrectly.

22
When a computer boots, the hard disk is not recognized. What are two possible causes of the problem? (Choose two.)
    #The power cable is not attached properly to the drive.
    #The data cable is loose or disconnected.

23
Why is a solid state drive more reliable than a traditional drive?
    #It uses power-based memory instead of magnetic-based memory.

24
What type of motherboard bus carries memory locations?
    #address

25
A technician suspects that a hard drive is beginning to fail. Which two conditions would support this suspicion? (Choose two.)
    #The hard drive is making unusual noises..
    #The hard drive has a gradual increase in the number of bad sectors.

26
A technician is concerned that a computer is overheating. The computer reboots without warning. What can the technician do to improve the circulation of air through the computer?
    #Add one or more case fans.

27
Which two ports are used to connect external media readers to a computer? (Choose two.)
    #FireWire
    #USB

Chapter 10 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-16T00:37:00.000-07:00

1
When dealing with an angry customer, which two things can a technician do to resolve the problem? (Choose two.)
    #Allow the customer to explain the problem, possibly dispelling some of the anger.
    #Sympathize with the customer's problem.

2
A customer calls to complain that another technician was rude to them. In the past, the technician has received many complaints about rudeness regarding this coworker. How should the technician handle this complaint?
    #Listen to the complaint, apologize for the incident, and then offer to help the customer.

3
A technician receives a call from a customer who is too talkative. How should the technician handle the call?
    #Allow the customer to speak without interruption and then try to use closed-ended questions to gather data.

4
Which three items are commonly parts of a service level agreement (SLA)? (Choose three.)
    #supported software
    #diagnostic procedures
    #service location

5
Which three pieces of information should be given to the next technician when transferring a customer? (Choose three.)
    #your name
    #ticket number
    #customer name

6
Which three tasks are commonly carried out by a level-one technician? (Choose three.)
    #document all information on the work order
    #prioritize the problem
    #gather information from the customer

7
The technician begins diagnosing a problem by asking an experienced customer to visit a troubleshooting Web site. The customer becomes angry because she feels this could be done without calling the technician. What should the technician do?
    #Explain how the Web site can be used by both of them during the call to quickly eliminate problems.

8
A technician wants to apply for a job in a call center for a computer repair service. Which two characteristics are desirable for this type of position? (Choose two.)
    #possess good listening skills
    #display professional behavior at all times

9
A customer calls to report a computer problem. Which two actions can the technician use to establish a good rapport with the customer? (Choose two.)
    #Allow the customer to speak without interruption.
    #Refer to the customer by name whenever possible.

10
What are three guidelines for beginning a call with a customer? (Choose three.)
    #Determine the level of knowledge that the customer possesses about computers.
    #Use brief communication to establish a one-to-one connection with the customer.
    #Call the customer by name.

11
Which three techniques should be used to successfully deal with a talkative customer? (Choose three.)
    #Politely interrupt to refocus the customer.
    #Gather as much information as possible while the customer is talking.
    #Allow the customer to talk for one minute and then ask closed-ended question to regain control of call.

12
Which two approaches are recommended when dealing with customers on the telephone? (Choose two.)
    #Be positive.
    #Look for alternative ways to help the customer.

13
While a technician is listening to a lengthy explanation of a problem, the technician identifies the solution to the problem. How should the technician proceed?
    #Wait until the customer has finished speaking, and then explain the possible solution.

14
Which two techniques should be used when dealing with an inexperienced customer? (Choose two.)
    #Use simple step-by-step instructions.
    #Speak in plain terms.

15
What is the recommended way to place customers on hold?
    #Ask and wait for permission before placing customers on hold.

16
Which issue is an example of an exception to an SLA that should be escalated to a manager?
    #A customer wants two new computers added to the existing SLA without additional cost.

17
Which three relaxing techniques can help relieve the stress caused from helping customers in a call center? (Choose three.)
    #Go for a quick walk.
    #Listen to soothing sounds.
    #Practice relaxed breathing.

18
Which two guidelines demonstrate proper netiquette? (Choose two.)
    #Begin each e-mail with an appropriate greeting.
    #Avoid replying to "flames".

19
A technician is trying to calm an angry customer. What is the best approach?
    #Maintain a positive tone of voice and offer to help solve the problem.

20
A technician is talking on the telephone to an angry customer who is unhappy with previous service. How should the technician calm the customer?
    #Listen carefully and attempt to solve the customer's problem.

Chapter 9 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-16T00:35:00.001-07:00

1
Which three suggestions are good security password policies that a company or individual should follow? (Choose three.)
   #Passwords should have an expiration period.
   #Password lockout should be enabled.
   #A mix of letters, numbers, and other characters should be used.

2
Which two characteristics describe a worm? (Choose two.)
   #Is self-replicating.
   #Travels to new computers without any intervention or knowledge of the user.

3
Which type of program causes banners and ads to appear on the desktop without any user intervention?
   #adware

4
A network administrator is looking for a technology that includes both hardware and software authentication. Which technology could the administrator use?
   #Trusted Platform Module (TPM)

5
When setting up a new wireless access point, which basic security measure should be taken?
   #Disable SSID broadcast.

6
Which best practice should be included in a password protection policy?
   #Implement lockout rules upon consecutive unsuccessful attempts at accessing the system.

7
Which wireless security technology is a good choice when using Cisco equipment in conjunction with operating systems such as Windows and Linux?
   #LEAP

8
A bank is upgrading the hard drives in a server. What should be done to the old hard drives to permanently remove any confidential data?
   #Destroy the hard drives with a hammer.

9
Which two statements are true about username and password standards? (Choose two.)
   #The username naming convention should be kept simple.
   #Rules about password expiration and lockout should be defined.

10
A technician has downloaded the latest Windows XP updates from the Microsoft website. What should the technician do before installing the updates?
   #Create a restore point.

11
A financial organization is donating computers to a local charity. What is the best method to remove all data from the hard drives in the computers?
   #Use data wiping software and delete any hard drive partitions.

12
Which three security storage features are supported by the TPM hardware module? (Choose three.)
   #encryption keys
   #digital certificates
   #passwords

13
A fingerprint reader is an example of which security technology?
   #biometric

14
Where is the safest place to store backups?
   #locked server room

15
Which type of authentication is evidenced by the use of a small chip on a card that contains user identification data such as bank account numbers and digital signatures?
   #smart card

16
Which two items can be downloaded from the Microsoft website to help protect Windows XP? (Choose two.)
   #service packs
   #security patches

17
Which threat to security uses traffic from zombie computers to overwhelm servers?
   #DDoS

18
What is the preferred wireless encryption technique if the wireless clients support it?
   #WPA

19
Which is the best procedure to secure a laptop left at the office while the user is away for an extended period of time?
   #Place the laptop in a locked security cage designed to store computer equipment.

20
What is the best method for a company to secure data being transmitted across the Internet between remote sites?
   #Use computers secured with smartcard authentication.

21
Which type of software is downloaded onto the computer of a user without the knowledge of the user and causes information about various products to be displayed on the user's monitor?
   #adware

22
An attacker has managed to decode the encrypted messages of a wireless network. The network uses Windows XP and Cisco equipment. The security protocol that is used is WEP with 64-bit encryption. Which action can be recommended to the technician for securing the network?
   #Upgrade to the LEAP wireless security protocol.

23
What must be done to ensure that the anti-virus software on a computer is able to detect and eradicate the most recent viruses?
   #Download the latest signature files on a regular basis.

24
Which statement accurately describes the WEP standard?
   #WEP is a first generation security standard for wireless communication.

25
What are two examples of malware? (Choose two.)
   #spyware
   #grayware

26
An employee for a small company inadvertently allows a visitor to see their username and password. At home, the visitor then uses this information to gain access to the company network. This is an example of what type of threat?
   #social engineering

27
An attacker claiming to be a bank representative contacts a potential victim via e-mail and requests disclosure of vital account information. Which security attack is being implemented?
   #phishing

Belajar Grafologi- Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 4

2010-08-14T22:11:00.000-07:00

Ini Postingan Penutup dari artikel tentang "Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan"

Silahkan Di praktekkan.......................

1. Arah kemiringan huruf

Ke kanan = ekspresif, emosional

Tegak = menahan diri, emosi sedang

Ke kiri = menutup diri

Ke segala arah dalam 1 kalimat = tidak konsisten

Ke segala arah dalam 1 kata = ada masalah dengan kepribadiannya

2. Bentuk umum huruf-huruf

Bulat atau melingkar = alami, easygoing

Bersudut tajam = agresif, to the point, energi kuat

Bujursangkar = realistis, praktek berdasar pengalaman

Coretan tak beraturan = artistik, tidak punya standar

3. Huruf-huruf bersambung atau tidak

Bersambung seluruhnya = sosial, suka bicara dan bertemu dengan orang banyak

Sebagian bersambung sebagian lepas = pemalu, idealis yang agak sulit membina hubungan (terlebih hubungan spesial).

Lepas seluruhnya = berpikir sebelum bertindak, cerdas, seksama

4. Spasi antar kata

Berjarak tegas = suka berbicara (mungkin orang yang selalu sibuk?)

Rapat/Seolah tidak berjarak = tidak sabaran, percaya diri dan cepat bertindak

5. Jarak vertikal antar baris tulisan

Sangat jauh = terisolasi, menutup diri, bahkan mungkin anti sosial

Cukup berjarak sehingga huruf di baris atas tidak bersentuhan dengan baris di bawahnya = boros, suka bicara

Berjarak rapat sehingga ujung bawah huruf ‘y’, ‘g’, menyentuh ujung atas huruf ‘h’, ‘t’ = organisator yang baik

6. Interpretasi huruf ‘t’

Letak palang (-) pada kail ‘t’

- Cenderung ke kiri = pribadi waspada, tidak mudah percaya

- Tepat di tengah = pribadi yang kurang orisinil tapi sangat bertanggung jawab

- Cenderung ke kanan = pribadi handal, teliti, mampu memimpin

Panjang kail ‘t’ menunjukkan kemampuan potensial untuk mencapai target.

Tinggi-rendah palang (-) pada kail ‘t’

- Rendah = setting target lebih rendah dari kemampuan sebenarnya (kurang percaya diri atau pemalas)

- Tinggi = setting target tinggi tapi juga diimbangi oleh kemampuan

- Di atas kail = setting target lebih tinggi dibanding kemampuan

7. Arah tulisan pada kertas

Naik/menanjak = energik, optimis, tegas

Tetap/lurus = perfeksionis, sulit bergaul

Turun = seorang yang tertekan atau lelah, kemungkinan menutup diri

8. Tekanan saat menulis

Makin kuat tekanan, makin besar intensitas emosional penulisnya.

9. Ukuran huruf

Makin kecil huruf yang ditulis, maka makin besar tingkat konsenterasi si penulis, begitu pula sebaliknya.

10. Sedikit tentang huruf "O"

- Adanya rahasia ditunjukkan oleh lingkaran kecil pada huruf "O"

- Kebohongan ditunjukkan oleh lingkaran huruf "O" yang mengarah ke kanan

Sekian dulu sharing ilmu dari saya........................
BYe...............................

artikel terkait :
Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 1

Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 2

Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 3

Belajar Grafologi- Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 3

2010-08-14T22:07:00.000-07:00

Bagaimna Melihat Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan?
Berikut Ulasannya....................................

Seorang ahli ilmu jiwa mengatakan bahwa tulisan adalah gambaran jiwa seseorang. Sehingga bagi orang yang ahli bagaimana situasi kepribadian seseorang bisa terbaca lewat tulisan tangannya. Namun tentunya bukan ditebak begitu saja secara sembarangan, karena untuk yang satu ini perlu menguasai ilmunya.
Bila diantara pembaca Misteri ada yang berminat membaca tulisan tangan dan isi makna yang terkandung di baliknya, silahkan ikuti intisari ilmu membaca rahasia dibalik tulisan tangan atau Graphologi, lewat artikel ini!
Namun sebelumnya perlu Anda catat bahwa yang namanya dunia ramal-meramal, tidak mungkin akan didapatkan kebenaran yang mencapai 100 persen. Demikian pula dalam meramal kepribadian seseorang lewat tulisan tangannya.
Walaupun tafsiran dari tulisan tangan itu tidak mencapai akurasi sampai 100 persen, namun toh sangat berguna sekali, terutama bagi mereka yang bergerak dalam bidang yang berurusan dengan personalia. Misalnya saja, ketika dibuka lowongan kerja baru, biasanya banyak berdatangan surat lamaran kerja yang masuk. Dan seorang manajer di sebuah perusahaan, atau siapapun ingin agar mempunyai bawahan atau teman kerja yang berkepribadian baik, oleh karenanya layak juga setiap surat lamaran kerja diprioritaskan dengan ditulis dengan bentuk tulisan tangan, yang ditulis sendiri oleh si pelamar yang bersangkutan. Lewat tulisannya ini, Anda bisa membaca kepribadian calon pekerja atau bawahan Anda.Menurut Grafologi, sedikitnya ada enam hal yang bisa kita gunakan dalam metode membaca kepribadian seseorang melalui tulisan tangannya. Uraian secara garis besarnya adalah sebagai berikut:

1. BESAR KECILNYA TULISAN
Dilihat dari sudut pandang besar kecilnya tulisan terdapat empat kriteria penting yaitu: kecil, sedang, besar, dan sangat besar.
Tulisan yang berukuran kecil menunjukkan sifat pendiam, sering menyendiri tapi punya otak yang cemerlang dan pikirannya selalu ilmiah. Orang dengan tulisan seperti ini nalarnya logis.
Tulisan tangan yang ditulis kecil-kecil tapi jelas mudah untuk dibaca menunjukkan penulisnya pandai, juga punya konsentrasi kuat, walau sayang tipe ini kadang suka sekali menonjolkan keilmuannya. Sedangkan jika tulisan tangan kecil dan susah membacanya berarti sang penulis adalah orang bertipe mandiri dalam hidupnya.
Tulisan tangan sedang, mengandung makna bahwa penulisannya adalah orang yang sangat terpaku kepada tradisi kuno, atau hal-hal yang bersifat formil modern. Tipe ini sangat jitu dalam penggunaan logika untuk dasar referensi keputusan-keputusannya.
Jenis tulisan tangan yang besar menunjukkan besarnya ambisi seseorang namun murah hati dan selalu ingin dihargai oleh orang lain, di samping suka melebihkan omong-omongan yang kurang perlu. Sedangkan untuk jenis tulisan tangan yang sangat besar menunjukkan bahwa penulisnya sangat hati-hati dalam segala hal, gemar membuat perhatian bagi sekelilingnya, banyak over aktingnya dalam mencari perhatian, ingin selalu tampil di depan, karena dia gemar berpetualang kemana-mana, mengikuti panggilan jiwanya.

2. GAYA TULISAN
Dalam spesifikasi Gaya Tulisan ini terbagi ke dalam lima sub. Masing-masing, adalah:
- Gaya sambung biasa
Orang yang punya model tulisan begini biasanya senang memberi respon pada setiap masalah, bisa menerima ide dari orang lain, mudah bergaul dan disenangi teman. Baginya berbakat untuk menjadi seorang pemimpin.
- Gaya sambung berbentuk petak
Mengandung arti penulisnya mudah dipengaruhi, selalu menilai enteng setiap persoalan, hingga tindakannya kadang terkesan sembrono, tanpa pemikiran matang.
- Gaya Sambung Berliku
Tulisan yang banyak luka-likunya, mengandung makna bahwa penulisnya sangat formil, hati-hati dan sering menonjolkan status, namun umumnya sifat mereka pendiam, gemar menyendiri dan biasanya banyak memiliki keahlian atau bakat.
- Gaya Lurus dan Lancip
Tulisan tangan model demikian menunjukkan penulisnya orang agresif, sangat tekun mengerjakan sesuatu, walau kadang enggan berkompromi dengan orang lain. Bila lancipnya pada huruf awal saja maka pertanda dirinya orang yang banyak mengalami konflik psikologis, sehingga kadang bersikap agresif.
- Gaya Campuran
Bentuk tulisan bersambung yang tak karuan menuliskan cepat, dan kadang sukar membacanya hal ini mengandung arti bahwa penulisnya adalah orang yang biasa berpikir cepat, kreatif tapi paling tersinggung kalau dikritik. Bahkan, bila tidak sesuai dengan kehendaknya jangan harap orang bisa mendapatkan bantuannya karena dia paling doyan mengelak dalam memberi pertolongan.

3. KEMIRINGAN TULISAN
Bentuk kemiringan tulisan tangan, apakah itu miring ke kiri atau ke kanan, atau tegak lurus. Mereka yang tulisannya miring ke kiri menunjukkan penulisnya bersikap tertutup (introvet). Segala sesuatu diukur menurut penilainnya sendiri atau menurut ukuran masa lampau. Disamping mempunyai sikap konservatif, orang dengan tipe tulisan ini sangat individualis.
Jenis tulisan miring ke kanan, menandakan orang yang ramah, aktif dan bersikap terbuka (extropet), berani menghadapi tantangan baru. Dalam bekerja kata hatinya merupakan power yang penting, tapi dalam hal yang kurang dikuasai dia lebih banyak untuk menanyakan kepada ahlinya.
Tulisan tangan yang bentuknya tegak, mengandung arti bahwa penulisnya adalah tipe orang yang tak suka banyak diatur. Baginya dia adalah miliknya sendiri, kebebasan menjadi hobinya dalam mengerjakan sesuatu tindakan, namun kontrol diri tidak pernah lepas dalam memilah dan memilih hal yang dianggapnya positif.

4. TEKANAN TULISAN
Bila kita memperhatikan bekas tulisan tangan seseorang akan ditemukan tampak goresan tekanan tulisan seperti tercetak di baliknya. Dengan memperhatikan bekas goresan yang tercetak di balik kertas kita akan dapat mengetahui dan menebak bagaimana kepribadian dan tingkah laku si penulisnya.
Tekanan yang halus berarti pembawaannya tenang, tapi mudah atau tidaknya dibaca itu bukan persoalan. Sedangkan tulisan yang bekas tekanannya tercetak jelas di belakangnya menandakan penulisnya punya sifat kaku dan formal. Karenanya orang ini sulit untuk bisa cepat menyesuaikan diri dalam pergaulan, namun dia menganggap bersikap demikian penting baginya agar dihargai orang lain.

5, BENTUK HURUF AWAL
Diantara orang ada yang gemar memainkan bentuk tulisannya, terutama bentuk awal tulisannya. Beberapa ciri dan kecenderungan karakter si penulis adalah sebagai berikut:
- Bentuk Jangkar
Disebut bentuk jangkar karena memang huruf awal tulisnya dalam bentuk jangkar. Tulisan ini memberi tanda bahwa yang memiliki tulisan cenderung bersikap kurang dewasa dan kurang percaya diri dalam menjalani hidup. Dia banyak bersikap pasif.
- Bentuk Busur
Disebut bentuk busur karena memang bentuk awalnya membentuk busur seperti ditarik. Pemilik tulisan ini biasanya cepat puas dengan hasil yuang dicapai, dan hidupnya sangat berpandangan kuat akan nilai-nilai religius.
- Bentuk Memanjang
Huruf awal memanjang yang dituliskan pelan-pelan, menunjukkan bahwa orangnya terlalu berhati-hati dalam merencanakan masa depan. Panjanganya huruf awal menunjukkan kelambatan kerja dan pemborosan waktu.
- Bentuk memanjang dari bawah
Bentuk memanjang dari bawah bila digoreskan secara kilat menunjukkan penulisannya orang yang agresif dan cepat menyelesaikan pekerjaan, disamping gemar melakukan berbagai eksprimen.

6. BENTUK HURUF AKHIR
Bentuk akhir kata yang dituliskan, menunjukkan sikap sosial dan kualitas penulisnya. Tentang huruf akhir ini ada tiga model. Masing-masing, adalah:
- Bila huruf akhir suatu kata ditulis memanjang, mengandung pengertian bahwa orang itu memiliki kemurahan hati, rasa sosialnya besar.
- Bila huruf akhir memanjang ke atas, berarti penulisnya menyukai kemewahan, disamping idealis dan punya semangat yang tinggi.
- Bila huruf akhir menyilang berarti tidak segan mengritik diri sendiri apabila perbuatannya memang salah atau keliru.
Demikianlah sekilas tentang membaca rahasia tulisan tangan menurut Grafologi. Mudah-mudahan urian singkat ini bermanfaat.
To Be Continued..............

artikel terkit :

Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 1

Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 2

Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 4

Belajar Grafologi- Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 2

2010-08-14T21:58:00.000-07:00

Bagaimana Melihat Kepribadian Lewat Tulisn ?

Mengetahui karakter atau kepribadian seseorang lewat tulisan mungkin sebuah hal yang menarik untuk dibahas dalam tulisan saya kali ini, terkadang sambil bercanda kita sering berkata “jelek banget tulisan nya, pasti orangnya juga rada amburadul” tapi apa benar cletukan seperti itu? Atas dasar apa kita kemudian menilai kepribadian seseorang berdasarkan coretan tangan (tulisan) nya? Jawabanya adalah GRAFOLOGI, sebuah ilmu yang khusus mempelajari mengenai karakter, kepribadian seseorang dari melihat bentuk tulisan. Pertanyaan nya bagaimana indikasi seorangpakar Grafologi menilai sebuah karakter dari tulisan? Pertama tama, ada dua jenis (metode) cara untuk menilai karakter dan kepribadian lewat ilmu ini, yaitu teknik Perancis dan teknikJerman . Metode jerman dengan cara melihat secara keseluruhan tulisan seseorang sedangkan sebaliknya pada teknik Perancis cenderung menganalisa per huruf nya, di cari bentuknya kemudian memahami makna baru kemudian di gabungkan kemudian di simpulkan secara keseluruhan. Seorang pemula biasanya cenderung lebih baik mempelajari teknik perancis terlebih dahulu.

Dua Metoda ini sudah memiliki tipikal analisis berbeda, pada teknik jerman seorang ahli Grafologi (graphologist ) cenderung memperhatikan pergerakan huruf, bagaimana kita menghabiskan kertas untuk ruang menulis kita, dan pembagian karakter huruf. Sedangkan pada teknik Perancis seperti saya jabarkan diatas, yaitu dengan memilah huruf per huruf, memahami karakter bentuknya dan lalu kemudian digabung kemudian di simpulkan.

Memahami bentuk tulisan dengan melihat huruf huruf tentu sangat njelimet, sebuah contoh bila kita menulis huruf i dan titiknya dengan batangnya, orang tersebut memiliki kepribadian yang teliti, itu baru huruf i loh, sedangkan alfabet ada 26 huruf, belum lagi angka ya..hmm pasti rumit sekali. Ilmu Grafologi ini diperlukan dalam hal forensik dan juga psikologi, jadi bisa saja sebuah perusahaan yang sangat memperhatikan kualitas karyawan yang akan melakukan recruitment dan tak ingin sembarangan merekrut kemudian mengandalkan jasa graphologist untuk melakukan analisa mengenai kepribadian si pelamar.

Seorang graphologist memerlukan media atau alat alat juga untuk melakukan praktek Grafologi nya, antara lain Mistar, Busur derajat dan juga alat pembesar. Pasti kita bertanya tanya, kok peralatannya seperti peralatan pertukangan? Alat alat tersebut ada fungsinya juga kok berkaitan dengan “penyelidikan” huruf huruf tersebut. Mistar digunakan untuk mengukur ukuran kertas, ukuran surat, menghitung marjin, serta mengetahui apakah huruf huruf tersebut lurus atau sedikit bergelombang atau sangat bergelombang. Busur digunakan untuk mengukur kemiringan sebuah huruf, konon cara ini memiliki kerumitan tersendiri bahkan bagi seorang pakar sekalipun. Yang terakhir adalah alat pembesar yang biasa digunakan para amatir untuk melihat secara detail bentuk dan lekuk lekuk huruf, ketegasan garis pembentuk huruf dapat terlihat bagaimana seseorang menulis sebuah huruf dalam keadaan berdetak detak jantungnya atau bisa saja dalam sebuah tekanan sehingga mempengaruhi tangan kita dalam menggerakkan pena dalam menulis. Menarik bukan? Keahlian ini bisa dimanfaatkan juga oleh kepolisian untuk menganalisa sebuah kasus.

Ilmu Grafologi sendiri merupakan cabang dari keilmuan psikologi modern Semoga penjelasan singkat diatas bisa menambah khasanah pengetahuan kita semua.
To Be Continued...

artikel terkait :
Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 1

Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 3

Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 4

Belajar Grafologi- Mengetahui Kepribadian Lewat Tulisan 1

2010-08-14T21:51:00.000-07:00

Apa Sich Grafologi itu???

Grafologi merupakan sebuah Ilmu yang mempelajari tentang Tulisan Tangan telah dikenal sejak berabad-abad yang lalu, misalnya di China pengetahuan tentang tulisan tangan telah digunakan sejak tahun 1000 Masehi meskipun tidak secara Ilmiah.

Baru sekitar tahun 1622, seorang dokter dari Italia,dr. Camillo Baldi mengemukakan penemuan tentang ilmu pengenalan tulisan yang dibuat secara sistematik/ilmiah yang dimuat dalam bukunya, dimana dalam bukunya tersebut diterangkan tentang adanya hubungan yang unik antara tulisan tangan seseorang dengan karakter dan kepribadiannya.

Pada tahun 1741-1801, Pastor Swiss,J.C Lavanter mebuat Laporan yang lebih sistematik dan Cermat tentang tulisan tangan. Meskipun masih berupa perkiraan dan menerangkan tentang sifat-sifat umum namun telah memberikan inspirasi bagi orang lain, khususnya di Paris. Beberapa orang yang terinspirasi diantaranya : Louis Hocquart selain itu ada juga yang berasal dari kelompok agama, diantaranya : Kardinal Regnier, Uskup Agung Cambrai, Uskup Boudinet, dan Flandrin.

Interpretasi dari beberapa tokoh tersebut, dikembangkan kembali oleh Abbe Jean Hyppolyte Michon dengan dibantu oleh dua asisten-nya : Debarolle dan Dellestre. Berbekal Pengalaman dan ketajaman pengamatan yang tinggi, Michon berhasil menghimpun katalog yang penuh dengan tanda-tanda grafis dan ciri-ciri keteraturannya. Karena berhasil menerapkan dasar-dasar Grafologi Modern, maka Michon dianggap sebagai Bapak Grafologi Modern hingga sekarang.

Namun karena apa yang dikemukakan oleh Michon tidak disertai dengan Teori tertentu yang dapat dijadikan dasar yang pasti, maka Teori nya disanggah oleh Muridnya sendiri, yakni : Jules Crepieuxjamin pada tahun 1858-1940. Jules lebih mengemukakan bahwa banyak ciri-ciri bawaan yang tidak dapat diungkapkan secara langsung melalui Penggambaran Grafis sederhana, tapi harus dilihat sebagai suatu rangkaian karakteristik (Teori Resultan). Ia mencoba membawa Grafologi ke tingkat yang lebih tinggi. Jules mengakui bahwa semua ciri-ciri tulisan tangan manusia memiliki banyak arti, dia mememukan apa yang disebut dengan teori ”Tingkat Bentuk”, namun karena adanya kesulitan dalam mempelajarinya dan juga karena adanya ketidak yakinan akan teori dan penemuannya, maka banyak pihak yang meninggalkannya. Karena tingkat kesulitan yang tinggi mendorong beberapa pihak untuk menyederhanakannya, diantaranya oleh : R. Wieser yang mengemukakan teori ”Ritme Dasar”.

Selanjutnya Grafologi mengalami perkembangan pesat di Prancis dengan memunculkan tokoh-tokoh terdepan dalam Bidang Grafologi, diantaranya : Jules Depoin, Binet G. Tarde, dan Assene Aruss yang tergabung dalam Himpunan Studi Grafologi. Namun kemudian Pusat perkembangan berpindah ke Jerman pada Pertengahan abad XVIII dengan tampilnya Adolf Hentze, Sohwiedland, Gerhard Wilhem Langen Bruch, dan Rudolphine Poppee.

Masalah terkait Grafologi dimuat pertama kali dalam sebuah Jurnal : Deutche Graphologische Gesellschaft yang terbit tahun 1895, Salah seorang Redaksinya (Wilhiem Preyer) pernah mengemukakan bahwa Tulisan Tangan pada dasarnya adalah Tulisan Otak. Serta pada penerbitan keduanya dalam : Graphologische Monatshefte yang terbit pada Tahun 1897 yang dibuat oleh Hans Busse.

Grafologi yang didasarkan pada beberapa Ilmu :

Ilmu Kedokteran : Dikembangkan oleh R. Pophal dari Universitas Hamburg, yang mengaitkan tulisan tangan dengan berbagai hal yang terkait dengan Otak dan melakukan berbagai uji pembuktian.
Ilmu Psikologi : dikembangkan oleh Ludwig Klages yang mengemukakan bahwa Tulisan tangan adalah bentuk pernyataan diri dan mencerminkan Kepribadian seseorang.

Meskipun banyak Ilmuwan yang berpendapat bahwa Grafologi termasuk dalam kelompok Ilmu Gadungan atau ilmu yang salah, namun tetap mengalami Perkembangan pesat di Negara-negara Eropa terutama di Belgia, Jerman, Prancis, Belanda dan Swiss. Di Indonesia sendiri, Grafologi belum berkembang dan ditempatkan hanya sebagai alat bantu Prikodiagnostik/Tes Psikolog.

To Be Continued...

Mau atau Kelanjutannya???

Tunggu Postingan Berikutnya

Chapter 8 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-08T21:52:00.000-07:00

1
Refer to the exhibit. Which type of network cable is shown?
   #fiber-optic

2
Which term describes the process of adding headers to data as it moves through the layers of the OSI model?
   #encapsulation

3
When purchasing Cisco components for a network installation, what are three warning signs that the equipment may be counterfeit? (Choose three.)
   #The price is much less than expected.
   #The equipment appears to be performing at a substandard level.
   #The packaging appears to be substandard compared to the packaging of other Cisco purchases.

4
Which protocol is used to automatically configure network devices?
   #DHCP

5
Which protocol lacks support for encryption and can be initiated from a computer command prompt?
    #Telnet

6
Which broadband technology would be recommended for a business that requires workers to access the Internet while visiting customers at many different locations?
    #cellular

7
Which two factors are used to determine the different categories of UTP cabling? (Choose two.)
    #The number of twists in the wires inside the cable.
    #The number of wires inside the cable.

8
Which network topology will allow all devices to continue to communicate with each other should a network cable fail?
    #mesh

9
Which software must be installed and working correctly on a computer to successfully enable a VPN connection to a remote site?
    #VPN client

10
A college student is confused. To use online banking, the student types https://www.banking.com, whereas to access the college web page, the student types http://www.college.edu. Why would the two institutions use different protocols?
    #The bank encrypts the web page information that is sent and received.

11
What is the purpose of the device that uses the 198.133.219.43 address?
    #It is the device that translates domain names to IP addresses.

12
Which Cisco team can be contacted to help when Cisco equipment is suspected to be counterfeit?
    #Cisco Brand Protection Team

13
Which digital technology provides an upstream speed that is typically less than the downstream speed?
    #ADSL

14
Which utility can be used to determine end-to-end connectivity between source and destination?
    #Ping

15
Which Windows XP command displays the route taken by packets crossing an IP network?
    #tracert

16
Which procedure is normally performed when connecting a computer to an Ethernet network for the first time?
    #Manually assign an IP address.

17
A student brings a laptop to a school that has wireless access. The laptop is not connecting to the school network. What is the first thing that the student should check?
    #the available wireless networks within range

18
Which device enables computers to be attached to a network without segmenting the network?
    #hub

19
Which topology has only one central point of failure, is easy to troubleshoot, and is most commonly implemented in newer networks?
    #star

20
Which layer of the OSI model is primarily concerned with accessing the physical media and physical addressing?
    #Data Link

21
Which wireless IEEE standard operates in a radio frequency of 2.4 GHz and supports a maximum bandwidth of 54 Mbps?
    #802.11g

22
A company is investigating the use of an ISDN service to act as backup for the ASDL service they use to communicate with branch offices. They discover that the ISDN BRI service uses two 64 kb/s B channels. Which function do the B channels perform?
    #carry the data stream

23
What is the maximum range a data signal can travel through a 1000BASE-T network segment?
    #328 ft (100 m)

24
A technician is configuring a computer to send print jobs to a network printer. When the technician sends a test print to the printer, the print job fails. The technician tries to ping the network printer, but the technician suddenly remembers a change in Windows that is hampering the troubleshooting process. What change might this be?
    #The Windows firewall stops pings.

25
What is one difference between a network domain and a workgroup?
    #A domain provides centralized control.

26
Which three protocols are associated with e-mail? (Choose three.)
    #IMAP
    #POP3
    #SMTP

27
A network administrator wants to connect a new building to an existing network using cable that can provide a secure connection and is not susceptible to electrical interference. The new building is approximately 800 meters away from the existing network. Which cable type should the administrator choose?
    #fiber optic

28
Which two characteristics describe Ethernet technology? (Choose two.)
    #supported by IEEE 802.3 standards
    #uses a bus logical topology

29
Which three factors are reasons to choose a client/server model for a network instead of peer-to-peer? (Choose three.)
    #The company network requires secure access to confidential information.
    #The users need a central database to store inventory and sales information.
    #The data gathered by the employees is critical and should be backed up on a regular basis.

30
Which technique is used to ensure that data from one computer does not collide with data from any other computer in a CSMA/CD network?
    #Computers listen to the network for clearance to send data.

Model Rambut Cewek Yang Membuat Cowok Jatuh Cinta

2010-08-07T06:48:00.000-07:00

Hei Girls...
Tips buat kalian semua biar sering di lirik para cowok.....
Coab aja model rambut yang bisa bikin aura kecantikan temen-temen semua keluar hanya dati gaya rambut aja....
berikut model model rambut yang mungkin cocok dan untuk sekedar pengetahuan aja....

Lurus
Karena pria suka keindahan, maka rambut lurus yang dibiarkan terurai bisa membuat mereka kesengsem dan juga terangsang. Jika Anda selalu tampil dengan potongan rambut asli yang berombak, maka sekali-kali kagetkan pasangan dengan tampil ‘lurus’. Jangan lupa mengaplikasikan pelindung rambut sebelum menggunakan catok agar rambut tidak kelihatan kering dan kusam.

Berombak
Rambut berombak memberi kesan adanya semangat dan kehidupan dalam diri seorang wanita. Bahkan, rambut berombak yang berantakan dan kusut mengingatkan mereka pada keadaan Anda setelah bangun tidur. Dan, itu sangat seksi! Wuih dan semakin menambah gairah hidup pasangan anda.

Ekor kuda tinggi
Rambut panjang yang diikat ekor kuda tinggi mengingatkan para pria pada gadis remaja yang energik. Pastikan untuk mengikat pada posisi yang tepat, yaitu tak terlalu tinggi agar Anda tak tampak seperti kanak-kanak. Lucu dan menggemaskan, membuat pasangan anda semakin gemas.

Ekor kuda rendah
Ekor kuda rendah mengirim pesan bahwa Anda adalah wanita kasual yang sederhana. Tatanan ini bisa menjadi keuntungan besar, terutama bila pasangan Anda bukanlah tipe pria yang tahan menunggu wanitanya dandan lama-lama. Simpel tapi indah, dan juga bisa membuka aura yang ada di wajah anda.....

Kepang tunggal
Kesan kasual dan sederhana lainnya bisa ditonjolkan melalui kepang tunggal. Tatanan macam ini menunjukkan kesan profesional. Kepang rambut dengan kuat agar tidak sampai longgar, sebab bila sampai lepas, Anda hanya akan terlihat berantakan.

Kepang Perancis (French braid)
Bila menggunakan tatanan satu ini, Anda tak perlu khawatir akan rambut yang mengganggu pandangan, masuk mulut, atau menerpa bagian wajah. Asal diikat/ dijepit kokoh, maka Anda bisa tampil rapi sepanjang hari meski angin bertiup kencang.

Kuncir dua (Pigtails)
Cute, lucu, dan lugu adalah kesan yang diciptakan oleh tatanan rambut jenis ini. Menurtku, wanita dengan kepang dua seperti ini merupakan wanita dengan kemapuan spesial yang tersembunyi. Di balik keluguan ada sesuatu yang mengejutkan.

Kuncir tengah (Pollyanna)
Menarik rambut bagian samping ke belakang lalu mengikatnya bisa juga disebut tatanan Pollyanna. Model rambut ala sekretaris zaman dulu ini menunjukkan bahwa Anda adalah seorang periang dan mempesona.

Konde balerina (Classic tight bun)
Para balerina atau siapa saja yang tampil dengan gaya rambut begini selalu tampak elegan, bersahaja, dan tenang bak seorang lady. Menjadikan anda sebagai ratu bagi pasangan anda.

Konde asal
Tunjukkan sisi alami Anda dengan menggelung rambut secara asal. Pria benar-benar kagum tentang kemampuan wanita menggelung rambut mereka dengan kilat. Dan walau tak terlalu rapi, di mata mereka, tatanan ini selalu tampak seksi. Bergairah indah, semangat, cute, sweet, pkoknya semuanya terkandung di model yang satu ini. Sangat cocok bagi mereka remaja yang aktif dan energik.

Giman tips tips berbagai model rambut di atas?
Semoga bermanfaat bagi temen-temen semua see you.

Mengetahui Kepribadian Menurut Gaya Rambut

2010-08-07T06:16:00.000-07:00

Bingung mau pilih gaya rambut seperti apa?
Mungkin tips berikut bisa berguna bagi anda semua....

RAMBUT PLONTOS

Banyak orang bilang rambut plontos pada pria mencerminkan keseksian. Pendapat ini ada benarnya, karena laki-laki yang rambutnya sengaja dibuat plontos menandakan ia memiliki hormon testosteron yang tinggi dalam darah. Ia menganggap dirinya sangat jantan dan senang merasakan belaian tangan perempuan di atas kulit kepalanya. Karakter mononjol lainnya, bukan orang yang gampang dikendalikan.

GAYA STANDAR
Model rambutnya sangat standar dan alami. Sejak masa remaja potongan rambutnya tidak pernah berubah. Laki-laki dengan rambut seperti ini menandakan dia bukan seorang pemimpi. Ia tidak memiliki harapan atau keinginan-keinginan besar dalam hidupnya. Baginya, hidup yang mesti dijalani, ya hari ini. Bukan orang yang biasa mengambil keputusan spontan. Cenderung tidak menginginkan perubahan drastis dalam hidupnya.

TERTATA LICIN
Cukup obsesif pada kerapian dan kebersihan. Ia bisa membawakan citra dirinya dengan baik. Bisa menyimpan rahasia dan menyembunyikan kepribadiannya. Kelebihannya, otaknya tiak terkontaminasi pikiran-pikiran negatif. Ia juga fokus, bertanggungjawab dan memiliki self of belonging yang tinggi pada sesuatu yang menjadi miliknya.

SISIRAN KE BELAKANG
Menunjukkan sosok laki-laki yang keras kepala dan royal, terutama pada teman dan keluarga. Ia mudah putus asa dan akan mengeluh ketika menghadapi keadaan yang tidak sesuai dengan keinginannya. Sebaliknya, dia akan sangat bersemangat jika menghadapi keadaan yang sesuai dengan harapannya.
PONI KE DEPAN
Pria dengan gaya rambut seperti ini menunjukkan pribadi yang rasional, tapi terkadang gampang terbawa dengan pemikiran yang keliru. Ia mudah diprovokasi dan hanyut. Kalau orang yang tidak mengenalnya, dia akan terlihat menjaga jarak. Padahal begitu mengenalnya, dia sosok yang setia kawan dan murah hati. Dalam hubungan percintaan, ia sangat bergantung pada orang yang dia cintai.

RAMBUT JABRIK
Ia pribadi yang keras kepala dan emosional. Jika menginginkan sesuatu ia pantang mundur sebelum mendapatkannya. Ia sangat menyukai kebebasan dan tidak suka diatur. Ia pintar menyenangkan hati orang lain dan memiliki tekad untuk maju. Kelebihan lain, pintar bicara dan cenderung boros.

BELAH TENGAH
Gaya rambut seperti ini menandakan dia pribadi yang sederhana, kurang percaya diri, dan memegang teguh aturan norma yang ada. Hidupnya lurus-lurus saja dan tidak banyak tuntutan. Cenderung pemalu, namun perkataannya jujur dan dapat dipercaya. Seleranya tinggi. Ia rela mengeluarkan uang banyak demi memenuhi seleranya yang tinggi itu.
GAYA MOHAWK
Ia tidak suka mengikuti aturan lain selain aturannya sendiri yang dia anggap benar. Ia senang diperlakukan dan diingat. Ia tidak takut membicarakan apa yang dia pikirkan pada orang lain. Ia juga sangat fokus terutama pada hal-hal yang menarik minatnya. Ketika dia menggeluti suatu bidang, dia akan menjalaninya dengan serius. Selera humornya cukup tinggi. Dalam hal berteman dia tidak pilih-pilih.

POTONGAN CEPAK
Berkepribadian keras dan tegas, namun gampang tersinggung. Orang yang bisa diandalkan dalam berbagai situasi. Ia mau berkorban demi orang lain. Ia mempunyai pendirian yang teguh, rajin dalam bekerja, sayang keluarga dan pintar menjaga kesehatan.

GONTA-GANTI MODEL
Setiap bulan ia selalu mengganti model rambutnya. Ini menunjukkan kepribadian yang dinamis atau menyukai hal-hal baru. Ia orang yang mudah beradaptasi di lingkungan baru sekalipun. Kelebihannya, otaknya sangat kreatif.

Hei Girls, Boys....
MAu Tahu cara menarik simpati cewek atau mau tahu karakter cowok kamu?
Salah satu cara mengetahui sifat atau bisa juga kepribadian dari kamu atau cowok kamu dalah dari rambutnya. Berikut ini beberapa tipe rambut dan juga sifatnya....

SANGAT LURUS
Ia memiliki kepribadian yang bebas, selalu menuruti keinginannya sendiri, berpendirian kuat, dan tidak suka kompromi. Ia juga sangat bangga pada dirinya sendiri. Ia sangat pemilih dan tidak menyukai pasangan yang mengganggu privasinya.

RAMBUT PANJANG
Tampilan luarnya memang terlihat ganas, namun dia memiliki jiwa yang sensitif. Tidak mudah membuat dia jatuh cinta. Tapi kalau hatiinya sudah mentok pada seseorang, dia akan sulit berpaling. Ia tipe emosional, namun dapat dipercaya dan baik hati. Meski usianya telah dewasa, jiwa kekanakannya sering muncul. Ia sering terperangkap dalam jiwa remajanya dan terbuai oleh nostalgia masa lalu.

RAMBUT ACAK-ACAKAN
Wah, itu sih karena pikirannya sedang kusut.

Ketahui Kepribadianmu Lewat Cara Ngupil Mu

2010-08-02T20:05:00.000-07:00

1.Orang yang taat beragama, Berdoa dulu sebelum ngupil

2. Orang yang tidak berpendidikan, Menggunakan jari orang lain untuk ngupil.

3. Orang yang suka ganti suasana, Selalu menggunakan jari yang berbeda tiap kali ngupil

4. Orang yang menganggap waktu adalah uang, Kalo ngupil, 2 lobang sekaligus (Sekali mendayung, 2 pulau terlampaui)

5. Orang yang perfeksionis, Kalo mau ngupil ia mencuci tangannya sampai bersih. Setelah ngupil, tangannya dicuci lagi, dan hidungnya dikompres dengan alkohol, untuk mencegah terjadinya infeksi karena saat ngupil, bisa saja jari tangan melukai hidung

6. Orang yang berlibido tinggi, Saat ngupil, jarinya di masukkan dan dikeluarkan dan dimasukkan dan dikeluarkan dan di masukkan dan dikeluarkan dan di masukkan dan dikeluarkan dan di masukkan dan dikeluarkan dan di masukkan dan dikeluarkan dan dimasukkan dan dikeluarkan sampai keluar lendir.

7. Orang yang tidak berpendidikan tapi punya sopan santun, Menggunakan jari orang lain untuk ngupil, dan mengucapkan terima kasih setelah selesai.

8. Orang yang inovatif, Menggunakan jari kaki untuk ngupil

9. Orang berjiwa samurai, Saat ngupil, jari dimasukkan ke hidung, ditarik ke atas, diturunkan kebawah,tarik ke kiri kemudian tarik ke kanan.

10. Orang yang suka petualangan, Selalu mencoba untuk meraih celah yang tak pernah diraih tiap kali ngupil.

11. Orang yang mempunyai time-management yang tinggi, Ada jadwal tuk ngupil per minggu, dan selang waktu untuk ngupil tiap kali ngupil

12. Orang yang bagaikan punguk merindukan bulan, Mencoba untuk melompat lompat, dan mengharapkan upilnya akan turun dengan sendirinya.

13. Orang yang punya kecenderungan “Psychopath” , Hanya akan berhenti ngupil setelah hidungnya berdarah.

14. Orang yang nggak tahan digelitik, Sambil ngupil, sambil tertawa.

15. Orang yang mengikuti perkembangan teknologi, Ngupil dengan memakai antenna handphone.

16. Orang yang nggak mau menghabiskan waktu untuk melakukan hal sia-sia, Membuka lebar hidungnya dan menyuruh orang lain untuk mengintip apakah ada upil di dalam, karena nggak mau sia-sia masukin jari ke hidung tapi ternyata nggak ada upil.

17. Orang yang berjiwa oriental, Menggunakan sumpit untuk ngupil

18. Orang yang pilih kasih, Hanya ngupil lobang hidung sebelah kiri, sedangkan yang kanan dibiarkan begitu saja.

19. Orang yang adil, arif dan bijaksana, Kalo upil dari lobang hidung sebelah kiri lebih banyak dibanding upil dari hidung sebelah kanan, maka dia akan masukkan sedikit upil dari lobang hidung sebelah kiri kedalam lobang hidung sebelah kanan, baru mulai ngupil lagi

20. Orang yang plin plan, alias baru makan buah simalakama, Ngupil salah, nggak ngupil salah, ngupil salah, nggak ngupil salah

21. Orang yang latah, Saat kuku tangan tanpa sengaja melukai hidung, maka dia akan berteriak “EH MAMA KU UPIL EH UPIL KU MAMA”

22. Orang yang pelupa, Saat jari tangan sudah di dalam hidung, sesaat dia lupa apa yang ingin dia lakukan dengan memasukkan jari ke hidung.

23. Orang yang ceroboh, Orang yang setelah selesai ngupil lobang hidung sebelah kiri, kemudian lupa untuk ngupil lobang hidung sebelah kanan.

24. Orang yang punya kecenderungan “Copy Cat”, Setelah ngupil, dia akan berkata; “Ngupil? Siapa takut…”

Chapter 7 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-02T19:24:00.000-07:00

Chapter 7 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

1.Instead of the document that was expected, a printer is printing unusual characters. What should be the next steps in solving this printer problem?
#Check the printer data cabling. If the cabling is secure on both ends, replace the print cartridge or ribbon.

2.Which printing technology uses the vibration of a crystal to control the flow of ink onto the paper to produce an image?
#piezoelectric

3.Which unit is commonly used to measure the print quality of an inkjet printer?
#DPI

4.What is the best source for a Windows-compatible scanner driver?
#website for scanner manufacturer

5.What is an advantage of using a solid-ink printer instead of an inkjet printer?
#It produces vivid color prints.

6.What are two advantages of using impact printers? (Choose two.)
#carbon-copy printing ability
#inexpensive consumables

7.What is typical of a network printer installation?
#the use of Ethernet or wireless

8.Which software converts scanned pages into text?
#Optical Character Recognition

9.Which three functions are commonly included in the all-in-one devices? (Choose three.)
#fax
#printer
#scanner

10.Which step of the laser printing process is the last step performed by a laser printer when printing a document?
#fusing

11.Which technology is used by laser printers?
#electrophotographic

12.Which two modes of operation within the IEEE 1284 standard allow bi-directional communication? (Choose two.)
#ECP
#EPP

13.Which standard governs the use of parallel printer ports?
#IEEE 1284

14.Which printer technology is used in low-cost, photo-quality printers?
#inkjet

15.Which type of printer is commonly used in stores to produce cash register receipts?
#thermal

16.A museum possesses several old paintings that the curators wish to reproduce and sell in the museum gift shop. Which type of scanner can be used to produce the highest-quality reproduction?
#drum

17.Which software, embedded in a printer, controls how the printer operates and can be upgraded?
#firmware

18.What is the maximum number of devices that can be connected to a single FireWire interface?
#63

19.Which laser printer component is a metal cylinder that is coated with a light-sensitive insulating material?
#drum

20.Which two names refer to the IEEE 1394 standard? (Choose two.)
#FireWire
#i.Link

21.Which step of the laser printing process involves scanning the photosensitive drum with a laser?
#writing

22.Which Windows XP command sends a file named example.txt to the default printer?
#print example.txt

23.Which two Wi-Fi standards are used to provide a wireless connection between printers and computers? (Choose two.)
#802.11b
#802.11g

24.What is a common disadvantage of inkjet printers?
#The nozzles can get obstructed.

25.What laser printer component could cause streaking?
#drum

Chapter 3 Exam - IT Essentials: PC Hardware and Software (Version 4.1)

2010-08-01T21:43:00.000-07:00

1.A technician is installing a new power supply in a computer. Which type of power connector should be used to connect to a PATA hard drive?
#molex

2.Refer to the exhibit. Which type of port is shown?
#USB

3.After a technician has assembled a new computer, it is necessary to configure the BIOS. At which point must a key be pressed to start the BIOS setup program?
#during the POST

4.A technician is installing a new power supply in a computer. Which type of power connector should be used to connect to a floppy drive?
#Berg

5.Which solution should be used to clean a CPU and a heat sink?
#isopropyl alcohol

6.isopropyl alcohol
#7

7.A technician is troubleshooting a computer that has a malfunctioning floppy drive. The technician observes that the floppy drive light remains lit constantly. How should the technician attempt to repair the problem?
#Connect the data cable making sure that the colored stripe on the cable is aligned with pin 1 on the drive and the motherboard.

8.Which type of drive is installed in a 5.25-inch bay?
#optical drive

9.Which additional 4-pin or 6-pin power connector is required by some motherboards?
#AUX

10.A technician is assembling a new computer. Which two components are often easier to install before mounting the motherboard in the case? (Choose two.)
#CPU
#Memory

11.When building a computer, which two components are normally installed in 3.5-inch drive bays? (Choose two.)
#hard drive
#floppy drive

12.Which port is typically used for external wireless NICs?
#USB

13.A technician is installing a new CPU in a ZIF socket on a motherboard. What is the primary way of securing the CPU in place?
#load lever

14.Which action is recommended to prevent the motherboard from contacting the metal base of the case?
#Use standoffs to keep the motherboard above the metal base.

15.A field technician has been asked to install a wireless 802.11g NIC in a computer, but is unsure about the expansion slots available. Which two types of wireless NICs should the technician have available? (Choose two.)
#PCI
#PCIe

16.What is the most reliable way for users to buy the correct RAM to upgrade a computer?
#Check the motherboard manual or manufacturer's website.

17.Refer to the exhibit. Which type of hard drive uses the power connector shown?
#SATA

18.A technician has just finished assembling a new computer. When the computer is powered up for the first time, the POST discovers a problem. How does the POST indicate the error?
#It issues a number of short beeps.

19.What is a convenient way that a technician can tell whether a ribbon cable is for an IDE hard drive or a floppy drive?
#The floppy cable has a twist in the cable.

20.Which internal component of a computer uses a 3-pin power connector?
#fan